【作者】 侯继伟；

【导师】 李世伦；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 将深海海底热液活动环境在陆上实验室再现,以实现在实验室内对采集的深海微生物进行扩增及培养研究,不仅可以了解深海中存在的微生物种类而且可以随时观察温度和压力等因素对深海微生物生长繁殖的影响,也是对深海微生物进行开发利用的基础。论文根据目前国内外深海微生物培养研究的现状,设计研制了一套由计算机闭环控制的包括高温高压反应釜和循环流动装置等设备的深海极端环境模拟平台,可以模拟深海微生物生长的各种不同环境并进行控制,用于生物基因工程的开发与研究。 论文从总体方案论证,液压系统设计,电控系统设计、控制策略研究和软件实现等角度论述了深海极端环境模拟平台系统的设计原理。重点针对深海极端环境的高压微流动特点,在分析了目前海、淡水液压元件的研究应用现状的基础上,设计研制了微流量超高压海水比例溢流阀并设计实现了模拟平台的电液比例压力控制系统;同时对压力控制系统的控制策略进行了分析和实验研究:最后将研究成果应用到了国家“863”计划资助项目“高温高压化学传感器试验校正平台”、中国大洋“十五攻关”课题“模拟深海极端环境的船载微生物培养装置”以及中国科学院仪器研制项目“极端海底环境分子生物地球化学多级模拟反应和监测系统研制”三个项目的开发工作中进行了模拟平台的实验研究。现场实验表明,控制系统的性能达到并超过了设计要求,依此所研制的模拟平台,是目前在深海微生物培养领域国内外性能指标领先的一套微生物培养系统。 全文分为七章。 第一章介绍了国内外目前在深海海底热液作用与极端生态系统研究领域的研究开发背景,从深海极端环境模拟监控技术的角度阐述了国内外在该领域的科研设备等支撑技术方面的研究现状,介绍了微流量海、淡水液压系统比例压力控制技术目前的研究应用情况,提出了论文研究的目的、内容、主要技术难点和意义。 第二章总体阐述了深海极端环境模拟平台的设计原理。按照系统的结构组成,详尽地介绍了循环培养系统和监测控制系统的实现方案及工作原理,同时给出了其它相关模块的设计方案,分析了存在的关键技术难点,并在此基础上提出了可行性的解决方案。 第三章在分析海、淡水作为液压介质存在的优缺点的基础上,针对深海极端环境模拟监控平台的技术要求,从材料、设计和加工制造这三大关键基础技术方面入手分析提更多还原

【Abstract】 By research and culturing of the sampled deep-sea microorganisms in laboratory, we can not only know the species of deep-sea microorganisms, but also observe the effect of pressure and temperature on deep-sea microorganisms. And it is also the basis of development and utilization of deep-sea microorganism resources. In this thesis, based on present status about studies and culturing of deep-sea microorganisms, a simulating platform for deep-sea extreme environment including high temperature and pressure reactors and circular flow devices is designed and developed, which is closed-loop controlled by computer entirely. It can simulate and control different living environments of deep-sea microorganisms, and will be used to exploit and research of deep-sea microorganism genetic engineering.The thesis discuss the design principle of the simulating platform for deep-sea extreme environment from the reasoning of project, design of hydraulic system and electronic control system,study of contol strategy and realization of software etc. Against the high hydrostatic pressure and microflow features of deep-sea exteme environment,based on present research and application status for seawater hydraulic elements, a relief valve with micrometeor and extreme high pressure is designed and the electro-hydraulilc proportional pressure control system of the simulating platform is accomplished. Meanwhile the analysis and experimental research of system pressure control strategy are done. Finally, on the basis of three relevant national research projects, the experimental research on the simulating platform is finished.The field experiment proved that the control performance reaches the requirements and the simulating platform is one of the most advanced systems in the are of culturing microbes in the country and abroad.The thesis includes seven chapters.The first chapter introduces the present research background of submarine hydrothermal activities and extreme ecological systems from country to abroad. And the present status of relevant sustaining technique in the area is discussed from the simulating and control technique for deep-sea extreme environment. The research and application status of proportional pressure control technique for micrometeor seawater hydraulic system is also analyzed. At the end of this chapter the research purpose, contents, key technique and meaning are put forward.The second chapter expounds the overall design principle of the simulatingplatform for deep-sea extreme environment. According to the structure components, the realizing scheme and operating principle for circular culturing system and control system are introduced detailedly. Meanwhile, the design project of other correlative modules is also given. And based on the analysis of the key technic difficulties ,the feasible solving methods are brought out.In chapter 3, based on the analysis of advantages and disadvantages of seawater or freshwater medium, against the technical requirements for simulating and control platform for deep-sea extreme environment, the corresponding solving measures are given on basis of material, design and machining technology. The proportional relief valve with extreme high pressure which is fit for microflow seawater hydraulic system is developed.The fourth chapter introduces the design principle and overall realizing method of pressure control system for the simulating platform detailedly. The theoretical analysis and research of the electro-hydraulic proportional pressure control system is discussed. The precious mathematics model about single reactor system is proposed. And with the aid of control tools of Matlab6.5, the control performance of system is analyzed.The fifth chapter discusses the PID control strategy for the electro-hydraulic proportional pressure control system. According to functional requirements of the simulating platform, the structure of system software is introduced, especially the software realization of PID control algorithms is presented.In chapter 6, based on the foregoing analysis, the experimental research on the serial and parallel culturing reaction apparatuses is executed. First, the testing experiment of the multiple stepped serial and parallel system is finished, and then two field example experiment research—culturing microorganisms and reaction between seawater and rock, The system control performance and practicability are further checked.The seventh chapter gives a brief generalization about all the research work this thesis concerns with,and a prospect about further research is given.更多还原