【作者】 许移庆；

【导师】 郑黎明；

【作者基本信息】 汕头大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 从经济的角度来说,并网型风力机应尽可能多的捕获风能,向电网提供的电能越多越好;而离网型风力机所能接受的能量受到系统和负载的限制,系统和负载用不完的能量必须通过另外的方式消耗掉。因此,根据控制对象的不同,控制目的应有所差别。风力机控制主要是风轮转速的控制,本论文根据并网型风力机和离网型风力机不同的控制目的对其风轮转速进行了控制研究。 对并网型风力机,控制其在额定风速下运行在最佳叶尖速比或其附近,主要是希望它能捕获到最大的风能。并网型风力机一般是大中型风力机,系统复杂,系统内部和外部的不确定因素多,工作环境变化无常,这些都增加了控制器设计的困难。根据自适应控制的特点,本论文首次采用模型参考自适应控制方法对这类风力机进行了控制研究。建立了并网型风力机的系统模型,用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论设计了相应的控制器,并在两种不同风况下进行了仿真和分析。仿真结果显示了模型参考自适应控制方法的有效性。 对离网型风力机,根据它与并网型风力机系统的不同特点,论文从另一角度提出了一种新的控制思路,即在储能装置已经充满电,而捕获的风能大于负载所需要的能量时,采用根据负载变化来控制风力机的转速。根据情况建立了离网型风力机系统中永磁同步发电机和整流器的数学模型,设计了相应的控制器对这一控制思路进行了实现,在三种不同工作情况下进行了仿真和分析。仿真结果显示了此种控制思路的可行性和控制方法的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 For the purpose of economic, the grid connected wind turbine needs to capture maximum wind energy and provides electric power for grid as much as possible, but the off grid wind turbine receiving wind energy is limited by system and loads and superfluous electric power must be consumed through other ways. Therefore, the controlling purposes should be different according to different controlled objects. The key of wind turbine controlling is rotate speed controlling of wind turbine rotors. Rotate speed of wind turbine rotors is researched in this paper on the basis of the different controlling purposes of the grid connected wind turbine and the off grid wind turbine.To the grid connected wind turbine, the purpose of controlling it working at optimal tip speed ratio or about is to capture maximum wind energy. The grid connected wind turbines are mostly large-sized or middle-sized wind turbines. Their systems are complicated, have many uncertainties in inside and outside of system, and working circumstance usually changes. These factors increase difficulty of controller design. In this paper, model reference adaptive control method is adopted to control the kind of wind turbine for the first time on characteristic of adaptive control. System model of the connected grid wind turbine is developed. A controller is designed employing Lyapunov’s stability theory. Simulation and analysis are performed under two kinds of different wind. Simulation results show that the control effectiveness to the variable speed constant frequency wind turbine working below rated wind speed is very good.To the off grid wind turbine, according to the difference of it and the grid connected wind turbine, a new control idea is developed from another perspective inthis paper, namely according to loads variety to control rotate speed of wind turbine rotors when power storage set is filled and the captured wind energy is more than that of the effective demand. Mathematical models of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and rectifier of the off grid wind turbine system are developed. A controller is designed to realize the new idea. Three different working conditions are simulated and analysed. Simulation results show that the presented control idea is feasible and the control method is effective.更多还原