【作者】 李文卫；

【导师】 袁兴中； 曾光明；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 硝酸氮废水的处理已成为我们当今面临的一个非常严峻的问题。现阶段关于废水反硝化的研究已取得很大进展,化学法、物理法、生物法等都得到了广泛的应用。其中,尤以生物法发展最快、应用最广。然而,单纯的生物方法总存在着对有机碳源难以控制和脱氮不彻底等缺点。生物电极反硝化法(或称生物膜电极反硝化法)较好的结合了电化学法和生物法的优点,克服了传统脱氮法的一些缺陷,大大提高了处理效率,并简化了工艺,开始得到了人们的广泛关注,并得到了迅速发展。 本论文总结了国内外学者在废水脱氮领域的研究成果,对废水生物电极反硝化技术的发展、存在的主要问题及模型研究的进展情况作了较为详尽的分析和论述,对生物电极反硝化反应机理进行了进一步探讨,并结合废水处理实际,在已有研究成果的基础上,建立并进一步发展了双电子供体生物电极反硝化模型。该模型综合考虑了物质迁移速率、生化反应速率、电化学反应速率、电场、缓冲溶液等各种影响因素,更好的反映了生物膜内的真实反应过程,对各种影响因素进行了分析和讨论,并对整个反硝化过程进行了最优化,从而进一步丰富了生物电极反硝化理论,并为该方法的进一步发展和应用提供理论依据。 目前,生物电极反硝化方法还主要停留在试验阶段,关于生物电极反硝化的理论方面尤其是机理方面的研究还不是很透彻。并且目前建立的动力学模型基本上还是停留在半经验的基础上,缺乏普遍的指导意义。另一方面,目前大多数模型对反应过程都作了一定程度的简化,还有很多影响因素没有考虑到,比如液膜对传质过程的影响、pH值对微生物活性的影响、电流的利用率以及对微生物的影响等等。因此,在今后的研究中,这些问题都有待进一步解决。另外,生物电极法与自动化技术的结合是今后发展的一个重要方向。目前,在生物电极反硝化系统最优化和自动化控制方面的研究才刚刚起步,因此应继续加强这方面的研究,积极探索实现系统最优化和自动化控制的方案和技术,为生物电极反硝化的工业化应用铺平道路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrate contamination of water has become a serious problem we faced nowadays. At present, great progress has been made in waterwater denitrification. Methods such as physical, chemical and biological denitrifications have been well developed and widely applied, among which, biological methods has been developing the fastest and has become the most widely used ones. There are always some problems, however, in pure biological denitrification, for example, the amount of carbon source is hard to control, denitrification is not complete, and so on. these processes are usually complex and require careful monitoring of a carbon source, and post-treatment process is often required to remove the excessive amount of carbon source. As a newly developed method, the bio-electro method (or biofilm-electrode method) combines the advantages of electrochemical and biological methods simultaneously, overcomes some disadvantages of tranditional methods, grealy simplies the process and significantly improves denitrification efficiency. It has been paid great attention and has been progressing rapidly in recent years.In this paper, the research achievements obtained by researchers home and abroad in wastewater denitrification were summarized, various denitrification methods are compared, and the progress of bio-electro denitrification in both experimental and modeling study as well as the main problems exist during the treatment process were given a concrete analysis and estimation, the reaction mechanism of denitrification was further investigated. Reffering to the wastewater treatment practice, a double electron donor model was established and further developed on the basis of Sakakibara model and other achievements in this field. Takeing into account mass transfer, biochemical reaction, electrochemical reaction, electric field, buffer liquid and other effect factors, the model simulated the real denitrification process in biofilm quite well. The effect factors were analyzed and discussed. An optimization was made to the whole process. This study further enriched the bio-electro denitrification theory, and provided a basis for the further development and application of this technology.Currently, bio-electro denitrification remains in experimental stage, and the theory research in this field is far lagged behind. The established kinetic models are basically semi- experiential and inadequate for comprehensive guidance. On the other hand, most models were simplified to certain externt, and there are still a lot of factors更多还原