爆炸合成纳米锌锂氧化物的专用乳化炸药实验研究

【作者】 葛德学；

【导师】 谢兴华；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文综述了爆炸合成和乳化炸药的国内外现状,针对目前锂离子电池正极材料发展存在的问题,提出用锌锂氧化物作为锂离子电池正极材料新的化合物,并设计了专用乳化炸药,通过爆轰法探索合成锌锂氧化物的新技术途径。实验研究了专用乳化炸药的爆速、水下爆炸能量,测试分析了乳化炸药的微观结构和稳定性,并用X射线衍射、傅立叶红外光谱、透射电子显微镜等测试手段对爆炸产物形貌与结构进行了微观分析。研究结果表明:本文尝试设计的专用乳化炸药能够合成纳米锌锂复合氧化物。主要研究内容与结果如下: (1) 尝试设计了合成锌锂氧化物的专用乳化炸药,并探讨了爆轰机理和计算了爆轰参数,用爆轰法成功合成了纳米锌锂复合氧化物; (2) 测试了专用乳化炸药的爆轰速度、水下爆炸能量和微观结构; (3) 对比工业乳化炸药分析了专用乳化炸药的爆炸性能和稳定性; (4) 成功收集了纳米氧化物并用X射线衍射、傅立叶红外光谱仪、透射电子显微镜等测试分析了微观形貌与结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present situation of detonation synthesis and emulsion explosives both at home and abroad is summarized in this paper. To solve the problems in research for lithium ion batteries, we suggested that zinc and lithium oxides should be used as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. So, we design special emulsion explosives, and synthesize zinc and lithium oxides by means of detonation firstly. Also, microstructures, detonation velocities and explosive energies underwater of emulsion explosives are measured in our experiments, then we surveyed and analyzed detonation products with the implement of XRD, FTIR, TEM and so on. It is concluded that nanoparticles of lithium zincate can be synthesized through detonation of the special emulsion explosive. Main contents and research results are as follows:First, special emulsion explosives for synthesis of zinc and lithium oxides are designed firstly, and we also discuss mechanics of detonation, calculate parameters of detonation. Furthermore, in the final analysis, we succeeded in synthesizing nano-powders of zinc and lithium oxides by exploding at the fist time.Second, we tested microstructures, detonation velocities and explosive energies underwater of emulsion explosives.Third, by contrast to industrial emulusion explosives, we analyzed the detonation capability and stability of these special emulusion explosives.Last, zinc and lithium nanooxides are successfully collected and validated by XRD, FTIR, and TEM exactly.更多还原