【作者】 陈希磊；

【导师】 杨发福；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 杯芳烃是广受瞩目的第三代主体分子。其结构特点是具有一个三维络合空腔,并具有疏水端和亲水端,对中性分子,离子都有包合能力。另外它还具有多个反应点,易进行多种化学修饰,形成各种功能衍生物,从而对各种客体如碱金属、过渡金属和重金属离子有较好的配合识别能力。这些独特的识别能力在分析化学、物质的分离检测、离子传感器领域有着广阔的应用前景。杯芳烃聚合物是杯芳烃衍生物中的重要分支,近年来对它的研究方兴未艾。本论文对含氮、硫原子基团修饰的杯[4]芳烃、杯[6]芳烃及其聚合物进行了研究,合成了多种新型的杯芳烃聚合物。论文主要内容分为五章。 第一章对杯芳烃的合成、结构、化学修饰、应用前景、杯芳烃的分子离子识别,特别是对杯芳烃聚合物,杂原子杯芳烃、杯芳冠醚及杯芳烃的应用进行了较为系统的概述。 第二章通过纤维素多乙烯多胺衍生物与1,3-二环氧丙基杯[4]芳烃反应,首次合成了杯芳烃接枝纤维素螯合树脂。该树脂兼具纤维素和杯芳烃的各自独特吸附性能,不仅具有较高的吸附容量,树脂对Ni~2+离子表现出很高的吸附选择性。 第三章通过1,3-二环氧丙基杯[4]芳烃衍生物与壳聚糖发生交联反应,合成了杯芳烃.壳聚糖聚合物。研究了它对阳离子的吸附性能后发现该聚合物融合了杯芳烃与壳聚糖的各自优势,不仅吸附能力较高,而且对Hg~2+表现出较好的吸附选择性。 第四章通过杯[4]四乙酰氯、杯[6]六乙酰氯与壳聚糖发生交联反应,合成了另一类杯芳烃.壳聚糖聚合物,研究了它们对阳离子的吸附性能,发现它们有各自的优势,不仅吸附量高,选择性也很突出。 第五章通过具有稳定杯式构象的杯[6]-1,4-冠-4-四乙酸乙酯与多乙更多还原

【Abstract】 Calixarenes, as the third host molecule in the supramolecular chemistry, have attracted considerable attentions. Due to calixarenes contain a hydroxyl array, a three-dimensional cavity and several readable positions, they are broadly used as building blocks to construct well preorganized host molecules and they usually exhibit good recognization abilities for alkali metal, transition metal and heavy metal cations, etc, which make them have widely potential in the field of analytical chemistry, ion sensors, etc. Calixarene polymers are important part among all kinds of calixarene derivatives. In this thesis, the syntheses, complexation properties of calix[4]arene and calix[6]arene polymers containing N or S groups were described. Some meaningful results were obtained.In chapter one, the research progress of calixarenes were reviewed, including the syntheses, the structural characteristics, the chemical modifications, the molecular recognition as well as various applications of calixarene derivatives, especially the calixarene polymer, calixcrowns in details.In chapter two, reacting cellulose poly（ethyleneimine） derivatives with 1,3-bisepoxypropyl calix[4]arene, a series of cellulose resins grafted with calix[4]arene were obtained for the first time. These novel resins combined the adsorption advantages of cellulose derivatives and calixarene polymers, exhibited not only high adsorption capacities but also high adsorption selectivity towards Ni²⁺.In chapter three, a novel calixarene-chitosan polymer was synthesizedby reacting 1,3- bisepoxypropyl calix[4]arene with chitosan. The new polymer not only keeps high adsorption capabilities but also exhibits excellent adsorption selectivity to Hg2+ due to the synergetic effect of calix[4]arene and chitosan.In chapter four, another novel calixarene-chitosan polymer were synthesized by reacting terachloroacetylcalix[4]arene and hexochloroacetyl-calix[6]arene with chitosan. The new polymer not only kept high adsorption capabilities but also exhibited excellent adsorption selectivity.In chapter five, a series of calix[6]-l,4-crown-based polymers were synthesized by reacting calix[6]-l,4-crown tetraester with poly（ethyleneimine） and their adsorption capabilities were also studied. It was found that their adsorption selectivities were higher than that of calix[6]arene polymer with no stable conformation. All of them showed good selective adsorption capabilities towards Cu2+ among the tested cations.更多还原