【作者】 骆轩；

【导师】 高如承；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 动物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以我国海产经济贝类-西施舌(Coelomactra antiquata)为研究对象,利用冷休克、热休克和6-DMAP通过抑制受精卵第二极体的释放获得三倍体。首次报道了西施舌三倍体诱导结果,并采用适宜诱导参数获得了西施舌三倍体幼贝,并对其生长和营养成分进行了研究。 分别采用热休克、冷休克和6-DMAP通过抑制受精卵第二极体的释放获得三倍体。结果表明:在50%的受精卵出现第一极体时,用7℃的低温,对受精卵持续处理20min,三倍体率为12.34%:在50%的受精卵出现第一极体时,用34℃的高温,对受精卵持续处理15min,三倍体率为24.3%:用200μmol/L的6-DMAP在50%的受精卵出现第一极体时,对受精卵持续处理15min,三倍体率为48.28%。通过对三种方法的效果进行比较,确定西施舌三倍体诱导的适宜方案为:获得充分成熟的卵子,使用浓度为200μmol/L的6-DMAP,在50%受精卵出现第一极体时,对受精卵持续处理15min。 使用浓度为200μmol/L的6-DMAP,在50%受精卵出现第一极体时,对受精卵持续处理15min,三倍体率为47.89%。并对同期培育的西施舌三倍体和二倍体幼虫和稚、幼贝的生长以及幼贝营养成分进行研究,结果表明:幼虫期三倍体群体和二倍体群体的生长速率差异不显著;稚、幼贝阶段,三倍体群体表现出明显的生长优势。 养殖119大后,对西施舌三倍体、二倍体养殖群体和二倍体野生群体的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和氨基酸含量进行测定,结果显示:西施舌野生群体的粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量均高于二倍体养殖群体和三倍体。但三倍体的粗蛋白含量高于二倍体养殖群体,而西施舌三倍体的粗脂肪含量低于二倍体养殖群体。在总氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量和使贝类具有鲜味和甘味的六种氨基酸含量方面,西施舌三倍体均高于二倍体养殖群体。本研究对于西施舌营养成分的分析,为西施舌的人工配合饵料的配比提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, we tested triploid induction in Coelomactra antiquata by inhibiting the release of polar body II (PBII) in newly fertilized eggs. To produce triploids, fertilized eggs of Coelomactra antiquata were treated with cold shock,heat shock and 6-DMAP to inhibit the release of the second polar body (PB II) and the suitable induction parameters were studied. These induction methods were reported and compared.It indicated 6-DMAP is the proper inducer on triploid induction of Coelomactra antiquata. Nutrition compositions and growth of juvenile’s shell length had studied in diploid and triploid population.Triploid induction, using cold chock, heat shock.and 6-DMAP, was attempted in Coelomactra antiquata, by inhibiting the release of the second polar body (PB II).Results are as following: treatment under 7℃ for 20-min duration, starting at 50% the first polar body (PB I) released after fertilization, produced 12.34% triploid of Coelomactra antiquata; treatment under 37℃ for 10-min duration, starting at 39-min after fertilization, produced 24.3% t triploid of Coelomactra antiquata ; treatment of 200μmol/L 6-DMAP for 15-min duration, starting at 50% PB I released after fertilization, produced 48.28 % triploid of Coelomactra antiquata.lt was concluded that the appropriate induction parameters for farming industry are as following: completely mature eggs, 200μmol/L 6-DMAP for 15-min duration, starting at 50% PB I released after fertilization.Treatment of 200umol/L 6-DMAP for 15-min duration, starting at 50% PB I released after fertilization, produced 48.28% triploid of Coelomactra antiquata. The growing of the same aged larvae, juveniles of Coelomactra antiquata of the triploid and the diploid were studied. It was concluded that, the triploid of Coelomactra antiquata showed obvious growing advantage in the juvenile stage.When cultured for 119 days, the nutritive contents of Coelomactra antiquata,including protein.crude fat and amino acid.had been studied in diploid.triploid and wild population.The results indicated that the compositions of protein and crude fat of wild population were superior to triplod and diploid, the contents of protein in triploid were higher than diploid whereas the contents of crude fat were lower than diploid.更多还原