【作者】 陈郑镔；

【导师】 刘剑秋；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对白檀（Symplocos paniculata（Thunb.）Miq.）的叶总黄酮（Totalflaovoids of Symplocos paniculata（Thunb.）Miq.,TFSP）的最佳提取工艺、含姑季节变化、组分、抗氧化活性进行了初步分析,并研究了果肉红色素的基本性质及其稳定性。结果表明: 1、采川超卢波辅助提取,乙醇浸提方法,萃取TFSP。探讨了影响提取率的主要冈素,然后用正交法确定了最佳提取工艺,并用方差分析进行显著性检验。结果表明:TFSP最佳提取条件组合为B₃D₃C₂A₂,即在1.OOg样品中,用50mL体积分数为60%的乙醇于超声波（25KHz）80℃下提取50min。B（固液比）、C（提取温度）、D（提取时间）均为极显著因素。超声波辅助提取法优于热同流提取法。 4月中旬TFSP含量较高,此后有所降低,在8月中旬出现了最高峰,随后含量又急剧下降,至12月中旬落叶前期降至最低水平。 高效液相色谱法指纹分析鉴定TFSP中可能含有芦丁和槲皮素等。 采用清除稳定自由基DPPH.、Cys-Fe²⁺、VitC-Fe²⁺、H₂O₂-Fe²⁺三种自由-基发生系统引发大鼠肝、肾、心组织和肝线粒体的体外脂质过氧化和H₂O₂引起的体外大鼠红细胞溶血,对TFSP的抗氧化活性进行初步的研究。结果表明,TFSP能有效清除稳定自由基DPPH.显著抑制各系统引起的脂质过氧化作用及H₂O₂引起的红细胞溶血,是良好的天然抗氧化剂。 2、白檀果肉红色素是水醇兼溶性的花色苷类色素,在酸性条件下稳定性好。对光、热、亚硫酸钠、K⁺、ca²⁺、Na⁺、Mg²⁺、Al³⁺、Zn²⁺6种金属离子和6种食品添加剂的稳定性较好,高浓度的葡萄糖、麦芽糖、柠檬酸对色素具有一定的护色作用。过氧化氢、维生素C、Cu²⁺、Mn²⁺、Fe³⁺3种金属离子和高浓度的山梨酸对色素有一定的降解作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper studied the optimum extraction techniques of total flavonoids of Symplocos paniculata leaves(TFSP), the seasonal variation of TFSP content, components of TFSP, the antioxidant activities of TFSP and basic properties, stability of the red pigment in flesh. The main results were as follows:1. TFSP was extracted by using ethanol as extracting solvent and cooperating with ultrasonic wave. The primary factors which influenced extracting rate were discussed and the optimum extracting techniques were analyzed by variance analysis and orthogonal design. The results showed that the optimum extracting conditions were B3D3C2A2,1.00g sample in 50mL 60% ethanol with application of ultrasonic wave(25KHz)for 50min at 80℃. The solvent quanitity, extracting temperature, extracting time are predominant factors for extraction rate. The ultrasonic extraction is superior to reflux extraction.The content of TFSP was high in the middle ten days of April and reached the highest level in the middle ten days of August. It decreased to the lowest level in the middle ten days of December.Analysis HLPC fingerprint showed rutin, quercetin, etc. may be contained in TFSP.The scavenging effect on DPPH , the inhibitive effects of TFSP on rat in vitro liver, nephros, heart tissues and mitochondria lipid peroxidation induced by Cys- Fe2+, VitC - Fe2+, H2O2 - Fe2+ and the inhibitive effect on the hemolysis of rat RBC induced by H2O2 were studied. The results indicated that TFSP was a favorable natural antioxidant. It could scavenge DPPH ? effectively and the inhibitive effects of TFSP on lipid peroxidantion and hemolysis of rat RBC weresignificant.2 The red pigment in flesh of S. paniculata was water-soluble and alcohol-soluble anothocyanins. The stability of the pigment in acid solution was good. Light, heat, Na2SO3 K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, Al3+, Zn2+ and food additives had no negative effects on it. Hight content of glucose maltose citric acid can protect color of the pigment. H2O2, VitC, Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe3+ and hight content ofsorbic acid can degrade the pigment.更多还原