【作者】 杨满根；

【导师】 郑达贤； 陈志彪； 张春桂；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 太阳辐射是地球上一切活动的主要能量来源,也是地球气候形成的最重要的因子,对地表辐射平衡、能量交换以及天气和气候的形成都具有决定性的意义。太阳辐射的变化对农业生产、气候变化以及日常生活都有重要影响。因此,精确地计算地表太阳辐射量并确定其空间分布,有着十分重要的理论和实践意义。但是,用常规的气象参数计算的地表太阳辐射在空间和时间上都是不连续的。随着气象卫星的发展,气象卫星以其对地表和大气状况大范围同步观测的优势在地表太阳辐射的计算中得到广泛应用。本文在对极轨气象卫星第一、二通道反照率观测值与地表总辐射关系的物理基础进行分析后,运用回归分析的方法,建立了利用第一、二通道反照率观测值反演计算地表太阳总辐射的回归模型。在建立回归模型的过程中,引入地表太阳总辐射瞬时值与天文辐射瞬时值的比值作为回归模型的因变量,并在卫星反照率观测值中进行了地表反照率的剔除。在对回归模型进行时间推广的过程中,根据梯形积分的思想,提出了通过计算总辐射月平均日总量求得总辐射月总量的方法。模型实践检验的结果表明:利用极轨气象卫星第一、二通道反照率观测值反演计算的地表总辐射结果与地表总辐射实测结果的相对误差都在3%以内,结果的精度优于用常规气象参数计算地表太阳总辐射的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Solar radiation is the main energy source of all activities which take place on the Earth. It is also the most important factor in which the Earth’s climate comes into being. Solar radiation is decisive of the net radiation, energy exchange, weather and climate’s being on the Earth’s surface. The changes of solar radiation have important affect on agriculture, climate change and daily life. Therefore, it is theoretically and practically important to calculate precisely the energy of the solar radiation and ascertain their distributing on the Earth’s surface. However, the result is spatially discrete and temporally incontinuous when we calculate the energy of the solar radiation on the Earth’s surface using general meteorologic parameter. With the development of the Meteorological Satellite, the data of Polar-orbit Meteorological Satellite are widely applied to calculate the energy of the solar radiation on the Earth’ s surface, for their advantage in spatial simultaneous observation to the atmosphere and the surface. In this paper, we founded a regression model based on the albedo of Polar-orbit Meteorological Satellite and observational data of the gross solar radiant energy on the Earth’s surface after analyzed the physical foundations of relation between the albedo of Polar-orbit Meteorological Satellite and the gross solar radiant energy on the Earth’s surface. In this regression model we defined the ratio of the gross solar radiant energy on the Earth’s surface to the solar radiant energy on the top of the aerosphere as dependent, and subtract the albedo of the Earth’s surface from the albedo of Polar-orbit Meteorological Satellite. When we extend this regression model to time-base, according to the theory of trapeziform integral, we calculate monthly total of the gross solar radiant energy by calculating the average daily total of the gross solar radiant energy in a month. The result of applying the regression model in practice indicates: The relative error between the results of using the albedo of Polar-orbit Meteorological Satellite to calculate the gross solar radiant energy on the Earth’s surface and the observational data of the gross solar radiant energy on the Earth’s surface is less than 3%. The precision of the result is superior to result of calculating the gross solar radiant energy on the Earth’s surface by using general meteorologic parameter.更多还原