【作者】 周小青；

【导师】 陈平留；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 大学作为人类知识的圣殿,是开拓探索知识新领域,传播知识的场所。知识经济、信息时代的到来与教育理念的更新,带来了校园规模的扩张。伴随着校园建设的这股热潮,校园景观出现了一系列的问题。在新的世纪里,如何适应校园景观设计发展的趋势,营造出能反映校园独特的地域环境、人文历史、地形地貌和办学理念的景观已成为设计者迫切关注的问题。 本文运用了校园规划设计、城市空间设计、环境与行为心理学、景观学、生态学、关学等理论,对校园景观进行了深入的分析,提出营造校园特色景观的原则和方法。 全文共分六章来分析和研究我国大学校园景观。第一章说明了本论文研究的背景和意义,国内外相关研究和发展动态,研究的对象、方法和研究框架。从对国内外的理论研究的分析中可以看到,目前对于校园的理论研究多集中在校园规划和校园建筑上,对校园景观的研究较少,对校园特色景观的研究则更是匮乏,因此,本文以研究特色景观的营造方法为主题。 第二章简要阐述了大学校园的历史沿革,以及校园景观设计发展的趋势:第三章解析了景观的涵义,并分析了景观、校园景观与校园特色景观之间的关系,同时提出了大学校园景观的构成及要素;第四章在掌握校园历史沿革的基础上,对各个时期大学校园景观的特点做出分析,并总结出校园景观存在的问题及其产生原因,从而提出营造校园特色景观的必要性。 第五章提出了大学校园景观的决定因素。首先从自然因素出发,结合校园景观实例分析了在不同的地域环境、气候因子和生物因子的影响下会形成不同的校园景观,并阐述如何合理利用自然因素来造景:其次,挖掘校园人文因素,从校园景观设计者和使用者角度,分析了新的设计观念和风格对校园景观的影响,以及师生在校园中的行为特点对校园景观的影响。最后,从社会因素出发,分析了社会的政治经济发展和科学技术水平对校园景观的影响。 第六章,通过对影响校园景观的决定因素的解析,提炼出能够突出校园景观特色的因素有:地域环境、人文历史、地形地貌及办学理念等。从这些因素出发,本文提出了营造校园特色景观的原则和方法,并分析了如何运用这些方法来营造特色景观。 结论部分,总结归纳了营造特色景观的方法:基于地域环境,营造特色景观;根据大学性质,营造校园特色景观;传承校园文脉,营造特色景观;依托地形地貌,营造特色景观;合理配置植物,营造特色景观。 综上所述,本文通过对校园景观的特点及其存在的问题,校园景观的影响因素等方面进行研究,结合国内外大量优秀景观设计实例,概括了营造校园特色景观的方法,以期这些方法能对当今的校园特色景观的营造提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Universities and colleges is the shrine where people explore and pass on knowledge. The coming of knowledge economy and information times and the renewed concept of the education bring about the expansion of the campus. With the trend of the campus construction, a series of problems arose in the campus landscape. In the 21^st century, the main concern of the designer is how to adapt to the development of the design of the campus and to construct a landscape which can reflect the unique surroundings 、 humane history、 landforms and terrain as well as the guiding principle for running a school.This article exerts campus program design、 urban space design、 environment and behavior psychology、 landscape gardening、 ecology and aesthetics to deeply and thoroughly analyses the campus landscape, and comes up with the principles and methods as to constructing unique campus landscape.This article is divided into six chapters analyzing and studying on the campus landscape in China. The first chapter briefly reviews the background and meaning of the study of the campus landscape, the relevant basic theory home and abroad, the object and purpose of the study as well as the frame of the study; The second chapter mainly talks about the course of the change and development of the campus and point out the trend of the development in campus landscape design; The third chapter explains the meaning of the landscape, analyses the relationship among the landscape, the campus landscape and the unique campus landscape and put forward the constituents and the elements of the campus landscape; The fourth chapter analyses the characteristics of the campus landscape in different periods, summarizes the existing problems and the causes of resulting them, at the same time discusses the necessity to construct the unique campus landscape; The fifth chapter talks about the decisive factors in the campus landscape including natural and social environment and campus humanism ; The sixth chapter sums up the elements that can highlight the characteristic of the campus landscape by analyzing the decisive factors, that is, the unique surroundings、 humane history、 landforms and terrain as well as the guiding principle for running a school; The last part is conclusion: based on the nature of the universities and colleges, inheriting the stylistic of the campus, relying on landforms and terrain, and reasonably disposing the plants in order to construct unique landscape.In conclusion, according to the study of the characteristic of the campus landscape and its existing problems as well as the factors that will affect the campus landscape, gathering a large number of outstanding landscape design projects home and abroad, the article puts forward the means of constructing unique campus landscape.更多还原