【作者】 杨凯锋；

【导师】 颜运昌；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在工业控制过程中,被控对象通常具有严重的纯滞后、时变性、非线性以及存在种类繁多的干扰,采用常规的PID控制方法,难以获得满意的静、动态性能。模糊控制作为智能控制领域的一个分支,由于其本质是非线性控制和自适应控制,对于纯滞后的参数时变或模型不太精确的复杂控制系统,具有较强的鲁棒性。 本文针对温度箱这一典型的具有时滞、大惯性和参数时变特性的控制对象,在模糊控制理论的基础上,重点研究了模糊控制与PID控制相结合的模糊PID控制方法,将模糊参数自整定PID控制应用于温度控制。本文针对温度箱的简化模型,探讨了PID参数的模糊整定规则,进行模糊控制器的设计。通过仿真表明模糊PID控制器具有模糊控制的灵活性、适应性,又具有PID控制的高精度性,使其控制具有很好的鲁棒性和很好的控制效果。 本文针对控制对象的纯滞后特性,在具有一阶惯性环节的Smith预估器的基础上,利用模糊控制整定惯性环节参数,使其随被控对象参数变化而变化。然后,结合模糊PID控制与模糊自适应Smith预估控制提出了本文的模糊Smith智能控制方法。本文分别对被控对象的参数发生变化进行了仿真研究,得到了各种情况下惯性环节参数的整定规则,设计了一个实时调整惯性环节参数的自适应机构。通过仿真表明模糊Smith智能控制方法改善了控制品质,使温度箱等温度控制系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰性得到了显著提高。 最后,本文研究了模糊Smith智能控制方法在单片机温度控制系统中的实现,系统介绍了以单片机为核心的控制系统的硬件与软件设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the complicated industry controlled process, the controlled objects usually own the time delay, nonlinear, time-change characteristic and exist the category of interferences. So,if the traditional PID control method is only used, the static and dynamic output capability is not very satisfy ing. The fuzzy control as a branch of intelligence control field could be good at controlling those complicated,nonlinear systems with the characteristic of the parameter drift, the inaccurate model and time delay because the essence of fuzzy control is nonlinear control and adaptive control. Fuzzy control makes the systems more stable and more robust.Temperature box is a typical system which has pure lag, large inertia and time-change characteristic. Based on the theory of fuzzy control,this paper mainly studys fuzzy PID control which combine the fuzzy controller with PID controller to a new type of controller. Fuzzy PID of self-adjusting parameters is applied to the temperature control system of temperature box.Allowing for the system’s peculiarity ,this paper discuss the self-adjusting rule of PID parameters,and design the fuzzy controller. Simulation results have shown that fuzzy control has very good control effect and robustness because it has the sensitivity and flexibility of fuzzy control and high precision of PID control.Smith predictor possessing one-order inertia tache is proposed for the large time-delay processe. The fuzzy control is applied to the Smith predictor,which make it adjust its parameter with the change of the object.Then,this paper propose the fuzzy Smith intellident control method which combines the fuzzy PID control with the fuzzy adaptive Smith predictor. By simulating when the object parameters is changed , regulation rules about parameters of inertia are obtained ,and a self-adjusting organ to adjust inertia tache parameter on real time is designed and realized based on these rules. Simulation results have shown that the method can improve the qualities of control and enhance the robustness and stability of the temperature control system.At last this paper study the realization of fuzzy Smith intelligent control method through a MCU(Micro Controller Unit).The hardware and software of the temperature control system based on a MCU are introduced in this paper.更多还原