【作者】 吕玉光；

【导师】 严宝珍；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 分析化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 1、吸烟与健康为全世界所关注,降低卷烟烟气中有害物质含量是我们义不容辞的责任。在降低卷烟烟气中有害成份技术的研究中,我们采用了新技术、新方法和新材料,开展了降低卷烟侧流烟气的技术研究、降低卷烟危害的技术研究和降低卷烟烟气中自由基含量的技术研究,通过两年的研究工作,各项研究取得一些显著成绩。 2、卷烟烟气中活性自由基对人体健康是有害的,而检测活性自由基最常用的方法是自旋捕捉方法。自旋捕捉-ESR联用技术在化学、生物体系和吸烟有关自由基过程研究中有着独特的优越性。本文合成了两类自旋捕捉剂PBN和DEPMPO,本研究中使用高效新型捕捉剂DEPMPO则能直接在水相中捕捉到烷基自由基与羟基自由基,并未发现烷氧自由基加合物。考虑到DEPMPO对活性自由基的捕捉能力和加合物ESR谱图特征性都优于PBN与DMPO,且在有机溶剂中溶解较多的氧分子。因此认为以往文献中所捕获的烷氧自由基来源于烷基自由基氧化后的次级自由基产物。 3、同时,我们利用电子顺磁共振(ESR)自旋捕获技术研究了海藻多糖蛋白复合物,精制褐藻多糖和多糖的化学修饰物对羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用。并用不同的工艺将多糖添加到香烟过滤嘴中,可制成高效清除烷氧自由基的低毒香烟,目前单项添加后清除烷氧自由基效率达到一个新的水平52.5%。这对清除吸烟中的自由基和预防吸烟对人类造成的危害具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 1、 Smoking and health is always the focus topic in the world ,tobacco industry takes this topic on his obligatory duty all along. Reducing tar and removing harmful components of cigarettes is the most important task of the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (STMA) of China. In the research project : "Studies on technologies of removal of harmful components in cigarette smoke", some new technologies ,methods and materials were developed . Several researches on technologies of reducing side-stream smoke of cigarettes, removing tar, free radicals of mainstream smoke of cigarettes were explored, free radicals in cigarettes smoke were systemically investigated. After two years some important achievements were attained.2、 It is known that free radicals in cigarette smoke do harm to the human health .The most common way to detect the reactive free radicals is electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy in conjunction with the spin trapping method. The technique of combining spin trapping with ESR has a special advantage when it is used in the studying of free radical process in the chemical, biological and cigarette system. We have Studied two series of novel spin traps(PBN,DEPMPO),in this paper with a highly efficient and novel spin trap DEPMPO, the alkyl radicals and hydroxyl radical were obtained in the aqueous medium, among which no adducts of alkoxyl radicals were discovered. In view of the fact that more oxygen molecule dissolved in organic solvents as well as the priority of the ability of DEPMPO in capturing reactive free radicals and its character of ESR spectrum to those of PBN and DMPO, we considered that the trapped alkoxyl radicals in the previous paper may derive from the secondary radical product by oxidation of alkyl radicals.3、 Through detailed study we draw the following conclusions: The scavenging of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals by polysaccharide-protein complex, refined and chemically modified polysaccharides from brown algae were studied by the use更多还原