【作者】 顾明广；

【导师】 赵景茂；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 应用化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对油气田开采、运输中出现的气液双相腐蚀情况,分别开发出针对纯CO₂、CO₂/H₂腐蚀体系气液双相缓蚀剂。 本文首先研究了碳钢在二氧化碳体系中各种因素对腐蚀的影响。研究结果表明碳钢腐蚀速率随CO₂压力的升高而增大;温度在60℃时腐蚀速率最大;Ca²⁺的存在减缓了腐蚀;当NaCl浓度等于30g/L时,腐蚀速率最大;Mg²⁺和SO₄^2-离子对腐蚀速率影响不大,腐蚀介质中的各种离子浓度对气相腐蚀影响不大;但在CO₂/H₂S体系中,当温度<60℃时,气液两相中的腐蚀速率随温度的升高增加并不明显,当温度在60～80℃之间时,碳钢腐蚀速率有了快速升高,当温度>80℃后,腐蚀速率增加的幅度不太明显;低浓度H₂S对液相腐蚀有抑制作用,但浓度较高时,对腐蚀有促进作用,气相的腐蚀速率随H₂S浓度升高而加速。 针对气液双相腐蚀的特点开展了缓蚀剂的研究。本文合成了咪唑啉类和二氢噻唑类衍生物,并用静态挂片失重法研究它们的缓蚀效率,并将该缓蚀剂与工业化的缓蚀剂进行对比实验。结果表明二氢噻唑和含硫化合物及表面活性剂的复配缓蚀剂Ⅰ对抑制单纯CO₂的气液两相的腐蚀有良好的效果;咪唑啉、噻唑类衍生物和低分子量的有机胺及表面活性剂复配物缓蚀剂Ⅱ对抑制CO₂/H₂S的气液两相的腐蚀有较好的效果。并通过极化曲线、交流阻抗和扫描电镜等方法研究了该缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The influencing factors on corrosion of mild steel in dioxide carbon environment and CO₂/H₂S environment were studied by weight-loss method in this paper. The results indicate that, in pure CO₂ environment the corosion rate increase with increasing CO₂ pressure; the corrosion rate reaches its maximum value when the temperature is 60°C and the concentration of sodium chloride is 30g/L respectively; Ca²⁺ ions can restrain corrosion, but Mg²⁺and SO₄^2- ions cannot influence the corrosion rate markedly; and in CO₂/H₂S environment, the corrosion rate does not increase remarkably when the temperature is under 60°C; when the temperature is increases from 60°C to 80°C, the corrosion rate increases obviously; and when the temperature increases over 80°C, the corrosion rate increases indistinctly. In the liquid phase, the low concentration H₂S can hold back corrosion, but in high concentration, the corrosion rate increases with the H₂S concentration; in the gas phase the corrosion rate always increased with H₂S concentration.In order to control the corrosion of two phases in gas well and pipeline of transportation, Dihydrothiazole and midazoline derivant were synthesized and mixed with the normal corrosion inhibitors in this paper.更多还原