【作者】 王琦；

【导师】 李敏；

【作者基本信息】 成都中医药大学 ， 生药学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 郁金为多基源品种,2000年版药典收载来源于姜科(Zingiberaceae)姜黄属(Curcuma L.)温郁金Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling、姜黄C. longa L.、广西莪术C. kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang或蓬莪术C. phaeocaulis Val.的干燥块根。由于其来源复杂、分布广、栽培品种多、形态变异大、大部分种类带花果标本不易采到,郁金类药材的植物分类,药材鉴定,质量控制一直都比较困难。本论文的主要工作内容属于四川省科技厅重点攻关项目“郁金GAP研究”课题的一部分。论文从原植物形态、药材性状、显微特征、分子生物学、化学成分和药效学等方面对6个郁金品种的9个样品进行了较为系统深入的品种品质研究。 通过形态组织学研究,找出了不同品种郁金在原植物形态、药材性状和显微上的鉴别特征。并绘制了黄丝郁金的横切面组织详图、粉末图及6个不同品种郁金的横切面组织简图。 首次应用SRAP技术对9个郁金样品进行了分子生物学研究,通过引物的筛选、反应程序的优化,得到了较好的扩增效果,每个引物组合平均产生14.7条多态性条带,最多可达25条。证明了SRAP技术可用于郁金分子生物学研究,并综合原植物形态、药材性状、显微特征和化学成分分析,将6个郁金品种分为2组:一组为黄丝郁金和黄白丝郁金;另一组为绿丝郁金、白丝郁金、桂郁金和温郁金。认为黄白丝郁金应为黄丝郁金C. longa L.的变种,即C. longa L. cv. chuanyujin;白丝郁金可能为绿丝郁金C. phaeocaulis Val.的变种,暂定为C. phaeocaulis Val. cv. baisi。 化学成分研究方面对9个郁金样品的甲醇提取物和挥发油进行了薄层色谱鉴别;对水分、总灰分进行了检查,采用水蒸气蒸馏法、分光光度法、HPLC法和热浸法测定了9个郁金样品中挥发油、总姜黄素、姜黄素和浸出物的含量。结果表明郁金的化学成分的种类和含量在不同品种间存在着较大差异,但在同一品种不同产地之间的差异较小,其中黄丝郁金的挥发油,总姜黄素和姜黄素的含量均最高,挥发油可达2.5%,总姜黄素可达0.309%,姜黄素可达0.0972%。 针对郁金活血化瘀的传统疗效,对不同品种郁金的甲醇提取物和姜黄素进行了降脂、血液流变学(全血粘度)及抗凝血(毛细玻管法)的相应药效学研究。实验表明黄丝郁金、黄白丝郁金、绿丝郁金和温郁金效果好,而白丝郁金和桂郁金几无效果;郁金甲醇提取部位为其以上药效的活性部位。联系化学成分研究,建议白丝郁金和桂郁金不再做郁金入药;绿丝郁金和温郁金应单列品种使用;姜黄素为黄丝郁金和黄白丝郁金的有效成分,可作为其内控指标。 上述研究结果为郁金的品种鉴定,品质评价,有效成分的确定,质量标准的建立以及郁金GAP基地的建立提供了科学的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Radix Cureumae, the root tuber of Curcuma longa L. , C. wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling and C. kwangsiensis S. G Lee et C. F. Liang or C. phaeocaulis Val, root in the family of Zingiberaceae. The classification , identification and quality control of Radix Cureumae materials are difficult as the result of their complex origin, wide distribution, multi-variety and fruits with blooms of most species hard to pick. The work in this thesis is part of the Tackling-key Project of Sichuan Department of Science and Technology : Investigation on GAP of Radix Curcuma. We study the variety and quality of 9 samples on plant morphology, material character, micro-character, molecular biology, chemistry ingredient and pharmacological effect.From the study on morphological and histological, We find the identifying characteristics on plant morphology, material character and micro-character of different varieties, we described the detailed transection structure and powder micrograph of huangsi yujin and the brief transection structure of six ther samples.We first time use SRAP technology to study 9 samples on molecular biology. By selecting of primer and optimizing the process we get better amplification effect. Each primer pair could develop 14.7 polymorphism b and 25 at the best, which proved SRAP technology applying on the molecular biology of Radix Cureumae. Through the study of plant morphology, medicinal material characters, micro-character and chemistry ingredient analysis we divide 6 varieties into 2 groups : one is huangsi yujin and huangbaisi yujin and the other is lvsi yujin, wen yujin ,gui yujin and baisi yujin. We Consider huangbaisi yujin as a cultivar of C.longa L., nameed C.longa L.cv.chuanyujin and baisi yujin as a cultivar of C. phaeocaulis Val. ,named C. phaeocaulis Val. cv. baisi.Through the TLC identification of carbinol extraction and essential oil, the check of moisture and ash, the assaying of essential oil, curcumioids,curcumin and extracturm ,we find the component and content of different varieties are obviously different, while the difference between the different sourced sample from a same variety is less. The content of essential oil, curcumioids and curcumin of huangsi yujin is the highest:essential oi can get 2.5%, cucumin can get 0.12 % and curcumioids can get 0.309%.We research on the pharmacological effect of YuJin on reducing blood fat, blood rheology and anticoagulation. The results show Huangsi yujin, huangbaisi yujin, lvsi yujin and wen yujin have better effect and baisi yujin and gui yujin have no effect. The carbinol extraction of Radix Cureumae is the efficient section. We suggest that baisi yujin and gui yujin should no longer be used in medicine as Radix Cureumae and lvsi yujin and wen yujin should be used separately. Curcumin is the available component of huangsi yujin and huangbaisi yujin, which is the control index.The results provide the scientific theory basis for the variety identification, quality estimate, the establishment of available component, the set up of quality standard and the foundation of Radix Cureumae GAP base.更多还原