【作者】 杨磊；

【导师】 计晓云；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 软件体系结构开始于软件的早期设计。人们希望通过对软件体系结构进行系统、深入地研究,以提高软件生产率、保障软件的质量、改善软件维护等不断涌现的问题。质量属性是软件体系结构设计中需要考虑的重要概念。它对软件体系结构的设计起到了评估、修正、补充等重要作用,用以提高软件体系结构设计的质量。本文以"中国地球系统科学数据共享网"(以下简称科学数据共享网)系统的软件体系结构设计为例,论述了软件体系结构对软件设计与开发的重要指导作用以及它对软件质量的保障作用。本文先从科学数据共享网的原型系统结构的分析开始,以质量属性的观点指出了原型系统的设计中存在的缺陷。在此基础上,本文设计了新的科学数据共享网系统结构,其总体设计采用面向服务的体系结构(SOA)方案。它由门户(主数据中心)、安全中心、和分数据中心等相对独立的子系统组成;各个"中心"之间通过由Web Services 构建的数据共享服务、数据收割服务、全局服务、安全服务相互连接,最终构建成科学数据共享网的分布式体系结构。科学数据共享网中,各个"中心"则是应用MVC 模式设计、基于J2EE 实现的应用系统,它们的软件体系结构设计充分体现了分层的体系结构风格的优越性。本文还从质量属性的角度出发,分别在可用性、可维护性、性能三个方面对科学数据共享网系统的设计作了分析,为了提高这几方面的质量要求,更具体地补充设计了结构中的一些部件及它们之间的联系成分;而且对如何权衡质量属性之间相互作用的问题也做了分析和说明。通过本文的论述和归纳,为软件体系结构和质量属性指导软件设计提供了可参考的实践经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Software architecture is an early step in software design. Through researching the software architecture, people want to increase the software productivity, ensure the software quality, improve the software maintenance, and solve other problems. Quality Attributes is an important concept in designing software architecture, which we need think over. It plays the important role of evaluating and correcting the software architecture. As a result, the quality of software architecture design can be improved from this way. The dissertation uses “the Scientific Data Sharing Network of Global System”as an example, by designing the software architecture, to explain how the software architecture guides the software designing and developing, and how the quality attributes work. At first, the dissertation analyzes the system structure of prototype, and points out the limitation in the quality attributes’view. Basing on that, the new software architecture for the system has been designed, which introduces the concept of the service-oriented architecture. It is a distributed system, containing portal (main data center), security center and branch data center. Each “center”is a relatively independent system, and they communicate with each other through the connectors, data-sharing-service, harvest-service, global-service and security-service. The connectors are implemented by web services. All the branch centers adopt the MVC pattern and use the J2EE framework to design the software architecture, which benefit from the layered software architecture style. The dissertation also analyzes the design of the system from the view of availability, modifiability and performance. To improve those quality attributes, more detailed designs or modules have been added to the components and connectors. Moreover, the dissertation explains the tradeoff between those quality attributes. In a word, the dissertation provides the practice in designing software更多还原