美术新课程多维性学生评价标准研究

【作者】 刘娅萍；

【导师】 高毅清；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 艺术学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 对学生进行学习质量的评价是当下美术课程改革的重要内容。随着新的美术课程标准的颁布和实施,新的评价观改变了过去的以一张画、一张试卷决定学生美术学习成绩的片面认识,同时也否定了传统的“唯标准答案”的评价依据。由此,在新的美术课程标准的实施中,对新的美术教育理念下学生评价标准进行研究,就具有了十分重要的意义。对评价标准进行研究和构建的一般方法是“目标分解法”,就是对教学目标进行分解,以体现教学目标与各评价指标之间的层次制约关系,再根据各指标的重要程度分解出各指标之间的权重关系。所以,教学目标的性质特征对评价标准起着决定作用。自新中国成立至新的美术课程标准颁布以前的美术教学目标普遍重视对学生学习技能的培养、着眼于体现美术课程的社会价值。其所重视的知识与技能目标都是可测量、可预见的学生行为,不具有开放性,从而使评价标准存在重视学习结果,忽视学习过程;以教师标准作为唯一标准,忽视学生感受;忽视科学评价等方面的问题与不足。忽略了学生的主体性、创造性及行为表现的不可预测性,忽略了美术学习过程本身的价值,对促进学生全面发展的作用十分有限。相比以往的美术大纲教学目标,新的美术课程标准的课程目标具有质的变化。它改变了以往教学大纲对美术课程社会价值的片面倾向,体现出对学生价值的重视,从而平衡了美术课程的价值取向。在更多还原

【Abstract】 The evaluation of students’study quality is one of the important points in this reform of art curriculum. With the implentmenting of new criterion of art curriculum, the new idea of evaluation gave up the cognition that the grade was decided only by one work or one paper, and,gave up the traditional of “normal key .”So,it is importment to study the evaluating criterion of students under the new idea of art education. The normal way to construct the evaluating criterion is “targets-analyzed”,that is to analyze the teaching targets to embody the relation of teaching targets and the guide lines,then educe the proportion of the guide lines based the importance of erery guide line. So,the evaluating criterion is decided by the character of the teaching aim. The teaching aim of art coming from the People’s Republic of China was built to the implentmenting of new criterion of art curriculum, attached more importance to students’basal painting skills and the society value of art curriculum. The targets of knowledge and technical ability emphasized by them are all measuable and predictable,but not open.This makes the evaluating standard cause such deficiencies as ignoring the students’feeling,ignoring the studying process and ignoring the scientific evaluation,etc.Neglecting the students’creativity and unpredictabilitiy will lead to limitation to the promotion of their overall development. Compared with the teaching target of artisitic outline in the past, the teaching target of new artistic courses have had a substantial change.It has changed the unlilateral deviation for social values and shown the emphasis on the students’values. Thus it balances the inclination of value of artistic courses. The system of contents in Target Stating shows the integration of “displaying target”and “instructive target”, making it process the openess. Respecting difference and directing to muliple dimensions are the due characteristics of Standard for Evaluating students’study quality of new artistic courses.The evaluation should mainly involve comprehensive behavior concerning knowledge and skill, process and method as well as feeling and sense of value. Therefore, we need multiple-dimension Evaluation Standard for students learning artistic courses. The result of artistic study is reflected in the change of students’behavior. The observable varied behavior of students is the basis for constructing multiple-dimension evaluating standard for students learning new artistic courses. And the process of standard constructing is that of discovering and describing the students’behavior. Of them, probing is to score the problem of what should be commented and the description is to refer to presenting way of evaluation results in the standard. In the artistic study, evaluating the students’behavior of initiative, creativity and community anables us to find and develop the valuable things beneficial更多还原