论民事诉讼和解制度

【作者】 包冰锋；

【导师】 李龙；

【作者基本信息】 西南政法大学 ， 诉讼法， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 民事诉讼和解制度是现代市场经济条件下民事诉讼中一项重要的制度。它最能体现市场经济主体的意思自治,即当事人合意。所以世界各国特别是实行市场经济的国家大多对诉讼和解制度作了详尽的规定。我国民事诉讼法虽然亦有和解制度的规定,但过于简陋,只有短短一个条文11个字,难以涵盖其应有的全部内容。因而在理论上认识比较混乱,在司法实践中难以操作,致使我国的诉讼和解制度“先天贫弱”,其应有的功能难以充分、有效地发挥,不能适应现代市场经济条件下审判制度中纠纷解决方式呈多元化趋势发展的实际需要。因此,确有必要加以探讨,以期促进诉讼和解制度的完善。 全文除前言外共有七个部分,主要内容如下: 一、民事诉讼和解的涵义。本部分首先界定了诉讼和解的概念,认为诉讼和解是指当事人于诉讼系属中在法官面前,以解决已经发生的民事纠纷为目的,就彼此间的争议互相让步或作出妥协,从而终结全部或一部诉讼的诉讼行为。然后将诉讼和解与相近的几个概念,比如私法和解、和解诉讼和调解作一比较。 二、民事诉讼和解的性质。本部分首先介绍了学界关于诉讼和解性质的四种学说即纯私法行为说、诉讼行为说、两行为并存说和两行为竞合说,然后一一对四种学说进行分析,最后笔者认为两行为竞合说比其他学说可取。 三、民事诉讼和解的要件。本部分首先分析了诉讼和解的实体法要件,然后从当事人、法院、诉讼系属和诉讼标的等方面分析了诉讼和解的诉讼法要件。 四、民事诉讼和解的程序。本部分对英国、美国和香港等英美法系国家或地区诉讼和解的程序和法国、德国、日本和台湾等大陆法系国家或地区诉讼和解的程序进行了详细地介绍和分析。 五、民事诉讼和解的形式和效力。本部分首先分析了英美法系国家的和解契约和和解裁判。然后分析了大陆法系国家和地区诉讼和解的形式,并认为他们都十分强调“记入法庭记录”程序在当事人达成和解过程中的重要作用。最后从羁束力、确定力(形式的确定力和实质的确定力即既判力)和执行力三方面分析了诉讼和解的效力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The system of settlement is a very important system in civil procedure under modern market economy. The meaning of the corpus of market economy, the agreement of parties can be showed very well. So many countries, especial which economy system is market economy have a very detailed rule about the system of settlement. Our country also have the rule about settlement, but it’s so poor, only eleven words. The recognize in the theory is so disorderly, and it’s very difficult to operate in practice, that the function of settlement can’t develop fully and effectively, and can’t accommodate the actual need. Therefore, for accelerating the perfection of the system of settlement, it’s very essential to discuss it completely.The paper includes seven parts.The first, the meaning of the settlement of civil procedure . Author confirm the conception of the settlement of civil procedure, then compare the settlement of civil procedure with the settlement of private law, finalis Concordia and conciliation.The second, the character of the settlement of civil procedure . Author introduce four theories about the settlement of civil procedure . then analyze carefully, at last believe that the theory of coincidence of double conduct is better than others.The third, the element of the settlement of civil procedure. Author analyze the subjective elements of settlement of civil procedure, then analyze the procedural elements from four aspect which are party, court, dependency of action and subject of action.The fourth, the proceeding of the settlement of civil procedure. The proceeding of the settlement of the country of Anglo-American law system (eg. England,America and Hong Kong), and the proceeding of the settlement of the country of Romano-Germanic family(eg. France, Germany,Japan) are introduced and analyzed in detail.The fifth, the form and efficiency of the settlement of civil procedure. The author analyze the contract and the judgment of the settlement of Anglo-American law system, then analyze the form of the settlement of Romano-Germanic family.At last, the author analyze the efficiency of the settlement of action from strict power, determination power, enforcement power.The sixth, the cause and relief of the settlement with flaw. According to conception of Anglo-American law, the settlement of action is the conduct of private law, so the agreement of the settlement is the agreement of private law. Therefore, in the Anglo-American law country, the cause of cancellation of conduct only be cited if the settlement of action have flaw. In Romano-Germanic family country, there are two causes in settlement of action which have procedural and subjective. There are four methods to go on if the settlement of action have flaw. Because the settlement deal with important profit of party, the author deem that must build many channel to relieve.The seventh, the ponder of the settlement of civil procedure. The author introduce the history of development of the system of settlement firstly, then analyze the current situation of the settlement. After, the author advance that the settlement of action substitutes for the settlement of court. At last, the author bring forward his own attitude from the form, the time, the cost, the system, the efficacy and the way of relief of the settlement of action, to build the system of settlement of civil procedure.更多还原