【作者】 周小云；

【导师】 计巧灵； 李冠；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 离子束生物工程技术是一种新的生物技术,它通过离子束注入生物材料,来研究其生物效应和作用机理并将用于诱变育种和基因工程等方面。经过多年的研究,科学家们对它的生物学效应和作用机理有了一定的认识,并在应用方面取得了一些成果。本文主要研究氮离子束注入春小麦的生物学效应及其M₀-M₁代对盐胁迫的反应。本文采用能量为25keV 的氮离子不同剂量(0、2×1016 N+/cm2、4×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm²、6×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm²、8×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm²、12×10¹⁶ N⁺/cm²)注入新疆小麦两品种（新春2 号、新春11 号）种子,对春小麦种子活性、幼苗的生物学效应、生理生化的影响和盐胁迫M0代幼苗的生理生化的影响进行了研究。结果表明: 1. 从春小麦幼苗的生长、产量性状上看, 低剂量(2-4×10¹⁶N⁺/cm²)N⁺离子束注入对新疆春小麦有利。2.从N+离子束注入对春小麦种子和幼苗的生理生化（脱氢酶、叶绿素含量、MDA 含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量）影响来看,低剂量(2×10¹⁶N⁺/cm²)N⁺离子束注入处理新疆春小麦较合适3.低剂量(2×10¹⁶N⁺/cm²、4×10¹⁶N⁺/cm²)处理,新春2 号幼苗的三种保护酶（SOD、CAT、POD）活性比新春11 号敏感。4.经盐胁迫后,中等剂量(6×10¹⁶N+/cm2)N+离子束注入处理对提高新疆春小麦耐盐性有利,主要表现在:脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、保护酶活性变化方面,有利于小麦在逆境条件下生长。对氮离子束注入小麦的生物学效应和盐胁迫的研究表明:适宜的氮离子束剂量注入小麦有助于小麦的生长发育,提高产量和更多还原

【Abstract】 Ion beam bioengineering technology has been considered as a new method for mutation breeding.With low-energy ions impanted organisms, the biological effects and the function mechanisms of the technology were investigated by some researchers,and the technology has been used into genentic breeding and gene engineering.The researchers have observed some biological effects and revealed some basic mechanisms for the past decade,and the great development and application have been obtained .In this paper ,the biological effects of the wheat implanted by nitrogen ions were studied and discussed. The student studied effects on physiological and biochemical characters and responses to salt stress of spring wheat implanted by N+ ion beams in present thesis .Embryos of seeds of Xinjiang spring wheat （Xinchun2 、Xinchun11） were implanted by nitrogen ion beam (the energy was 25KeV, the doses were 0 、2×10¹⁶N⁺/cm² 、4×10¹⁶N⁺/cm² 、6×10¹⁶N⁺/cm² 、8×10¹⁶N⁺/cm² 、12×10¹⁶N⁺/cm². No-treated was control.) . The effects on germination rate,biological effects of the seedlings , physiological and biochemical indexes of the seedlings and the response to salt press wre studied .The result showed that: 1 .The biological effects after beening ion beams implanted such as germination rate, root lengthet ,seedling heigth , output et al were observed . The results showed that: low dosage （2×1016N+/cm2） of N+ ion beams could enhance seed vigor and growth in wheat. 2 .Some physiological and biochemical indexes after beening ion beams implanted such as the peroxidase（POD） , catalase（CAT）,superoxide（SOD） ,malondiadehyde（MDA）,chlorophyl content, soluble sugars of the seedlings were sdudied.The results showed that : low dosages （2×1016N+/cm2） of N+ ion beams could improve the growth in wheat , 3 .Three protective enzymes （SOD,POD,CAT） of Xinchun 2 was sensitive to low dosages（2×1016N+/cm2、4×1016N+/cm2）of N+ ion beam implantion than Xinchun 11. 4 .Some physiological and biochemical indexes after beening ion beams implanted such as the peroxidase（POD） ,catalase（CAT）、superoxide（SOD） ,malondiadehyde（MDA）,chlorophyl content, soluble sugars of the seedlings were sdudied. It is indicated that the wheat beening implanted by middling dosage （6×1016N+/cm2） of N+ ion beams higher salt tolerance than the control. The results of the studies on biological effects and responses to salt stress of wheat implanted by N+ ion beams demonstrated that, optimum dosage （2×1016N+/cm2） of N+ ion could enhance seed vigor and growth in wheat.So it was expected to have bright prospects in mutation breeding and creating new germplasms.更多还原