【作者】 张明；

【导师】 熊黑钢；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 自然地理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 平原水库对于干旱半干旱区绿洲的生产、生活都起到了很大的作用,特别是在新疆,超过90%的水库为平原水库。平原水库建成后,随着库水的上升,库周地下水位也跟着上升,导致水库周围浸没、湿陷、沼泽化、盐渍化等现象的产生。平原水库附近土壤水盐动态变化的研究,对于区域农业生产在理论和实践中都具有重要的意义。本研究以阜康绿洲222 团柳城子水库为对象,在水库的出水口和侧面两个方向上做样带取样,分析了土壤含盐量和含水量的在水平和垂直两个方向上变化情况,根据对数据的分析初步确定了水库在出水口方向上对水盐的影响范围;再利用伯努里方程等地下水动力学与流体力学的相关理论,结合柳城子水库的实际情况计算了理论上水库在出水口方向上对水盐的影响范围,不仅定性而且定量的对水库在水盐运动上的影响进行了研究,并根据研究结果提出了相应的建议和对策。研究结果表明: 1 水库对于出水口方向的土壤水盐变化影响明显,对于侧面的土壤水盐变化影响较小; 2 水库对于周边土壤水盐的影响范围与水库水位和地下水位的差值呈正比,与地下水在土壤中运动的摩擦系数呈反比; 3 在垂直方向上,土壤含水量自下向上呈下降趋势;盐分则随着水分富集于地表,所以土壤含盐量自下向上呈上升趋势; 4 在水平方向上,水库向外土壤含水量和土壤含盐量都呈下降趋势。5 水库造成了周边地区地下水位的抬升,并使得盐渍化逐渐加强,但对形成湿地,改善水库周围的小气候有积极的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Campestris reservoirs plays an vital role in terms of people’s production and living in arid and semiarid oasis, especially at XINJIANG where campestris reservoir take over 90% in total reservoirs. After a campestris reservoir is completed, the water table of the neighbouring region rises following the changes of the reservoir’s water table , causing the immersion, sinking, wetland and saline becoming of the surrounding area. The study of dynamic movement of water and salt in soil nearby campestris reservoirs is significative for regional production in agriculture , both theoretically and practically. In this study , an example of LIUCHENGZI reservoir in FUKANG 222 corps has been employed to analyse the movement of water and salt in soil using different methods and determine the range of the movement of water and salt in soildue to the effect of the reservoir. The results are as below : 1. The movement of water and salt in soil has been greatly affected by the reservoir in the water exit .However, there are comparatively less influence at other sides of the reservoir. 2. The range of which the movement of water and salt in soil can be affected by the reservoir is directly proportional to the difference between the reservoir water table and the ground water table and is inversely proportional to the friction coefficient of ground water in the soil. 3.Vertically,the water content of the soil is decreasing from bottom to top and that the salinity distribution follows the water distribution ,namely , over the surface of the ground ,therefore the salt content of the soil is increasing from bottom to top. 4.Horizontally, the water content and the salt content of the soil are both dropping from the reservior to the outward area. 5.The reservior lifts up the ground water table of the circumjacent更多还原