【作者】 陈旭芳；

【导师】 姚先国；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 公共管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 教育投资是一种重要的人力资本投资,从投资目的看具有生产性、从投资对象看具有异质性、从投资所形成的产品特征看具私人性和公共性、从投资效果看具有长期性和间接性,这些特性决定了教育投资需求与经济发展状况密不可分、政府在不同教育阶段的投资重点,并要求建立多元投资渠道对不同学习能力与收入水平人群进行合理筛选、通过完善的劳动力市场来合理体现教育投资的成本收益。但我国存在教育投资总体不足、各级教育经费分配比例失调、多元化筹资渠道未真正建立、教育资源利用率低下、劳动力市场投资收益机制尚需进一步完善等相关问题。这些问题与高等教育收费管理和改革进程相交织,使得以个人成本分担机制不断强化为主要内容、以提高标准为外在表现形式的收费管理面临着如下的困境:一方面在公共投入不可能有较大增加的条件下,高校迫切需要提高学费标准弥补办学支出;另一方面贫困生入学问题又使当前的收费标准面临着诸多质疑。而经济发展的不平衡及越来越大的收入差距,也使任何标准都难以满足社会和不同人群对教育的多元需求。正因如此,本文认为,虽然迄今为止收费标准的提高始终伴随着高等教育收费管理进程并已成为教育收费管理的社会评价指标,但单纯收费标准的高低调整已不能成为收费管理的主要内容,体制创新才是当前高等教育收费管理的首要任务和走出困境的可行途径。 由于财政、教育、劳动力市场及教育体制等因素的影响,使得当前的高校收费面临着缺乏必要的成本约束机制、未能体现不同的投资收益规律、难以为不同学习能力和经济条件的学生提供多元筛选机制等问题,这些问题的全面解决需上述体制的进一步改革和完善。就教育收费管理体制本身而言,在现阶段我们可通过利用收费机制加强高校成本约束、进一步完善收费结构、发展社会力量办学,来使收费标准合理体现成本与收益,为教育市场提供一个公平竞争的基础性环境,并进而在一定程度上推动财政、教育、劳动力市场诸体制的完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Educational investment is an important way to create more human resource. That has the feature of productivity in term of the investment aim, heterogeneity in the investment object, privacy and commonality in the products formed and long and indirection in effects, which determines that the educational investment demand is closely related to the development of economy, the hot government investment is varied corresponding to different stages, plural investment channel should be set up to for students to select proper study means according their capability and family income, the labor market should be better off to reflect it’s cost-income rationally. Owing to such questions that accompany the higher educational tuition management and the process of reform as insufficient educational investments, unequal distribution of education funds, imperfect plural fund-raising channel, low outcome of education resources and the blunt mechanism of investment return of labor market, the tuition management faces two problems: on one hand, universities need to charge higher in order to meet the expenditures, on the other hand, there are many poor students in our country , which make the present educational tuition standards confront a great deal of queries. Although improvement of educational tuition standards has accompanied higher educational tuition management process all long and has been the social evaluation index, their simple adjustment can’t be the main content of charge management. We should know that the system innovation is the primary task of present higher educational tuition management and is the feasible way to get through the current troubles.Owing to the influence of many factors such as finance, education, labor market and educational system, the present university charge system is lack of essential cost management and can not reveal the different income and the different demands of students. Solving all these problems needs the reforming and perfecting of systems mentioned above. As regards to the management system of educational tuition, we can strengthen university cost restrain and reform the structure of tuitions and encourage the social forces to run school in the present stage. In this way, we can make the expenses standard reflect the cost and income rationally and offer a fair basic environment for educational market, further, we can promote the perfection of the systems the finance, the education and the labor market in some degree.更多还原