【作者】 张立新；

【导师】 刘慧平；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 植物病理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对山西太谷、运城等地区采集的番茄和油菜生长期健康植株进行了内生菌的分离和拮抗病原真菌的平板筛选,内生细菌对番茄促生作用筛选,以及对拮抗性较强的菌株进行了代谢产物活性测定和菌株鉴定,并对灰霉病菌拮抗机理进行了初步研究。1.从番茄和油菜体内共分离到95 株细菌,23 株真菌和8 株放线菌,并对内生菌进行了拮抗病原真菌平板筛选。结果表明:番茄和油菜体内均以细菌分离种数最多,真菌次之,放线菌最少。不同番茄品种体内分离的内生菌种数有差别。植株不同部位内生菌分离种数也不同,茎部分离真菌种数高于根部,而分离细菌种数少于根部。通过对内生菌拮抗病原真菌平板筛选,筛选出一批对病原真菌拮抗性较强的内生菌。内生细菌fq12 和yc8 两菌株对6 种病原真菌均有较强的拮抗活性,尤以对灰霉病菌和菌核病菌拮抗活性最强。内生真菌fq72 菌株对灰霉病菌和菌核病菌产生较宽抑菌带,表现出强烈的抑制作用。内生放线菌株对6种病原菌拮抗活性较小。2.拮抗内生菌代谢产物活性测定表明,fq12 和yc8 两菌株发酵液高温处理后均对灰霉病菌和菌核病菌产生强烈的抑制作用,对其它4 种病菌也产生一定的抑制作用。fq72 菌株培养滤液对灰霉病菌和菌核病菌有强烈的拮抗活性,其培养滤液高温处理后抑菌活性不丧失。内生细菌对番茄幼苗促生测定结果表明,所分离的大部分细菌对番茄种子萌芽及根芽生长无抑制作用,部分菌株显示出对番茄幼苗具有显著的促生效果。fq65、fq29 两细菌能显著提高番茄种子出苗率、促进生长,增加幼苗鲜重和干重。更多还原

【Abstract】 Antagonistic screening of endophytes from tomato and rape collected from different regions of Shanxi province, and growth promoting activity of endophytic bacteria to tomato plant were surveyed. Inhibitory activity of metabolic substances of antagonistic strains was studied. Identification of the strains and antagonistic mechanism to Botrytic cinerea were also carried out. 1. Ninty-five bacterium strains,25 fungus strains and 8 actinomycete strains were isolated from tomato and rape plants, and antagonistic screening of endophytes were carried out. Results indicated that in tomato and rape plants, bacterium isolates were dorminant, followed by fungus isolates, actinomycete isolates were feeble. Numbers and species of endophytes varied with different varieties of tomato and different parts of tomato, i.e. there were more endophytic fungi in the stems than in the roots for the same cultivars, while there were more endophytic bacteria in the roots than in the stems. Some endophytes showed strong antagonistic activities by dual-culture tests. Endophytic bacterium strains fq12 and yc8 demostrated strong antagonistic activities to six pathogens, especially to Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. There were wider inhibition zones between strain fq72 and six pathogens respectively. Endophytic actinomycetes manifested weak antagonistic activity. 2. Results on inhibitory activities of metabolic substances from antagonistic endophytes indicated that after treated with a high temperature, the fermentation solution of two strains fq12 and yc8 showed strong antibiosis activities against B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum, and certain activities to other four pathogens. Results on growth promoting activity of endophytic bacteria to tomato indicated that more bacteria didn’t affect germination rates and growth. Some strains, however, showed significant growth promoting effects. Two strains fq65 and fq29 can increase seedling sprout, growth and also fresh and dry weights. 3. Endophytic fungi from tomato were identified. one strain was indentified as Saccharomyces sp. belonged in Ascomycetes, while other 18 strains belonged in Imperfecti. Antagonistic bacteria were also identified. Fq12、yc8 and fq25 belonged in Pseudomonas、Bacillus and Staphylococcus respectively,other 5 strains belonged in Enterabacteriaceae.更多还原