【作者】 杜娟；

【导师】 郭金耀；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以发育正常的诱变玉米(26DC),对照材料(26CK)为试验材料。试验材料系杨晓玲教授多年的玉米育种材料。其中,26CK是一种代码为26号的自交系,26DC为26号玉米自交系利用花粉管通道法随机转大豆DNA后获得的变异材料。26号玉米自交系转大豆DNA的处理完成于2000年,之后,经过2001年、2002年、2003年的套袋自交选育,获得了2004年进行本项研究的试验材料。本文研究了玉米穗位叶和籽粒在不同生育期的氮代谢生理。结果表明,转大豆DNA玉米的蛋白酶活性、硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、根系总吸收面积、氮含量、钾含量均与转化前有显著差异:(1) DC籽粒发芽率、发芽势显著高于CK籽粒;DC植株平均高度1.75米,穗位高1.35米,CK植株平均高度1.80米,穗位高1.45米;DC较CK易感病。(2) 转DNA玉米的蛋白质水解酶活性在籽粒蜡熟期、完熟期显著低于转化前的籽粒,这一时期是蛋白质积累的主要时期,活性的下降导致蛋白质水解减少,籽粒中蛋白质积累增加。(3) 玉米穗位叶的硝酸还原酶的活性明显高于籽粒,在相同的种植条件下,外部供应硝酸盐水平相同时,DC穗位叶的硝酸还原酶的活性在籽粒形成期比CK同期高36.12%,供给籽粒更多的氮源,为DC籽粒合成蛋白质提供高氮源。(4) 在同等栽培条件下,授粉45天后,DC穗位叶的GS高于CK80%,为籽粒的氮储备源源不断的提供氮。(5) 同等施肥条件下,DC乳熟期籽粒中氮含量高于CK19.7%,DC穗位叶的钾含量在前四期平均高于CK19.4%,DC籽粒腊熟期钾含量高于CK同期50%,对氮素的代谢有良好的促进作用,能增进蛋白质的合成。(6) DC籽粒蛋白质含量比CK高23.75%。(7) DC苗期的根系活力高于CK9.01%。(8) 通过提取大豆芽的DNA用花粉管通道法随机将其转入玉米骨干自交系后蛋白质含量提高,其中转移的位点基因是22KD。这一位点蛋白质含量DC高于CK的同一位点250%。更多还原

【Abstract】 This text is a physiology and bio-chemistry studying of high-protein maize by transmitting exogenous soybean DNAs into maize.The results shows:(1) DC grain germination rate, germination strength show the higher than CK grain; the DC stub is average high degree 1.75 m, tassels are high 1.35 m the CK stub is average high degree 1.80m, tassels are high 1.45 m;DC ismore illess than CK .(2) variety regulation that corresponding period Pr hydrolases activity express, DCs activity is higher, and can promote the synthesizing of protein and decline, increase the backlog for growing the protein of grain, and is one of the high foundation terms of deal.(3) variety regulation that corresponding period NR activity express, leaves activity for NR obviously higher than grain, under same alike plant the term, exterior supply nitrate level same alike, DC leaf is obvious higher than CK’s, supply the grain more nitrogen, and so and finally cause a protein to contain to measure higher than CK.(4) variety regulation that corresponding period GS activity to express, under the equal educate the term, DC and CK GS for leaf gradually go upping and showing the higher than nitrogen of, store the N for the grain continuously of provide the nitrogen.The ammonia’s assimilation is main in the leaf department the mature GS for proceeding, therefore along with grain gradually descend.(5) variety regulation that corresponding period nitrogen and K contain the deal express, and the equal apply fertilizer the term bottom. DC grain the inside nitrogen contain to measure obvious higher than CK, the one of the high reasons.to turn the gene corn the protein contain to measure .(6)DC Pr is higher than CK’s.(7).DC root is the vitality show the higher than CK.(8) pass to withdraw the DNA of the soybean bud to use the pollen tube the passage method with the machine its turn into the corn framework from hand over is behind the protein contain to measure to increase, among them that transfer point gene is 22 KD.This point the protein contain the deal DC higher than CK the same of point 250%.更多还原