【作者】 张小军；

【导师】 任建国； 任天瑞；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 物理化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 干旱和盐碱是制约我国农业发展的重要因素,因干旱和盐碱造成的农业损失是非常巨大的。对植物抗逆性作用机制的研究证实,采用化学调控解决干旱和盐碱问题是一种高效实用的方法,研究开发抗逆性农用化学制剂,有助于克服干旱和盐碱对农业生产的制约,提高国土有效利用率。 我国著名植物生理学家娄成后院士指出:“植物的化学调控技术是本世纪中叶农业上兴起的新生事物,它是继化学施肥之后,对农业的又一重大突破。”这一技术利用少量的化学制剂施用在植株或土壤上对作物个体发育的进程进行调控,化学控制剂在农药中异军突起,用途广泛,在品种与数量上,一、二十年间一跃而居首位,而抗逆性化学调控技术是生物化学调控技术的一个新的增长点。由此可见,抗逆性植物生长调节剂是新农药创制的新方向。 为了寻找更好的具有植物生长调活性的化合物和具有其他生物活性的化合物,本论文在分析国内外研究现状的基础上,通过查阅大量文献,结合中国科学院过程工程研究所“十五”国家科技攻关项目“抗逆性植物生长调节剂RAD的产业化开发”,以产业化的抗逆性植物生长调节剂RAD[2-（2-呋喃基）-1,3环戊二嗯烷]为先导化合物,保留其基本骨架的基础上,在饱和五元杂环上引入杂原子、取代基等,并使用了新型固相催化剂,确定了一条合成路线短、原料易得、收率高、操作简单的合成路线,并对路线进行了优化,成功合成了目标化合物。论文设计合成了两个系列24个化合物,结构通式如下:其中:X₁=O,S;X₂=O,S;X₃=O,S;R₁=H,CH₃;R₂=H,CH₃;R₃=H,CH₃,CH₂Cl,CH₂OH 合成的24个化合物的结构均通过核磁共振、红外光谱确证;部分通过了液相色谱分析。 对所有合成的化合物进行了植物生长调节活性、抗旱、抗盐、杀菌、杀虫活性等的生物测定,生物活性初步研究结果表明,在50mg/L和更多还原

【Abstract】 Drought and salt-alkali are crucial factors which hinder the development of agriculture. Through the research on the mechanism of plant stress, it was found that the chemical modulating method was highly effective and practical in resolving the drought and salt-alkali problem of soil. It is important to study and develop the plant stress chemical pharmaceutics, which can better the conditions of soil and improve its effective utilization.Chenghou Lou, a famous plant physiologist, pointed that "The chemical modulating technology of plant is the emergent novelty of agriculture in this mid-century, which is another breakthrough after the fertilizer." This technology regulates the growth process of the individual by spraying a few chemicals over plant or soil. The technology develops the pesticide, which take the first place in variety and quantity in the past twenty years and become a new point of growth in the biochemistry.In order to find the new plant growth regulators, this thesis selected the commercial plant growth regulator RAD as the template. We designed the new compounds by introducing the heteroatom and substituting group into the saturated pentaheterocycles. After collecting a lot of references and combining with the previous research which was based on the project of The National key technologies R&D program., an optimized synthesis route was determined, which had some advantages, for example, easy to synthesize, an acquisitive materials, high yield, and simplicity of operation. Finally we had succeed in synthesizing the target compounds.In this thesis, two series of twenty four compounds were designed and synthesized, as shown in below:These compounds have been confirmed by the spectra of ~1H NMR、 IR, and some of them were analyzed by liquid chromatography, and they were also carried out the bioassay更多还原