梁启超“生活的艺术化”理论研究

【作者】 王恩波；

【导师】 杜卫；

【作者基本信息】 浙江师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 梁启超的“生活的艺术化”理论是在对前期探索中国现代化道路进行总结和反省的基础上产生的。“生活的艺术化”的提倡,表明梁启超由前期对人的理性的启蒙转向对人的情感的教育。 本文主要分三部分:“生活的艺术化”理论形成的背景、内涵和普及方式。梁启超之所以会从政治宣传转而提出并倡导“生活的艺术化”理论,一方面是因为他对政治现状的失望,这种失望的情绪促使梁启超无奈地退出了政坛而转向学术的研究与人生论的探讨;另一方面,大战后的欧游也促使他进行知识层面上的更新,他以前的对西方思想的信任失去了坚实的基础,对西方文明与科学有了新的认识,对进化论也产生了怀疑。在这种生活和知识的背景下,梁启超深入研究中国古代文化,提出了“生活的艺术化”理论。“生活的艺术化”的基本精神内涵是“无所为而为”。这种精神渗透在四个层面的内容上:趣味、自由、快乐和情感。艺术化的人生是以趣味为导向的人生,是充满活力的,是不断进取的,根本找不出悲观厌世这种字眼。但是,梁启超的趣味主义始终被责任心决定着,并非要使生活完全的审美化。艺术化的人生也是自由的人生,主张去除心中之奴隶,追求精神上的绝对自由。艺术化的人生是快乐的人生,由于对生活的超越性理解和苦痛的深层次的理解,在令人烦恼的境遇中也能享受到生活的快乐。艺术化的人生也是情感化的人生,真诚地生活着,对生活充满热情,对人充满同情。 梁启超的“生活的艺术化”理论并不是要引导人逃避人生,而是激励人更加乐观更加积极地面对人生。“生活的艺术化”是梁启超自己一生的精神支柱,也为与他同时代的人提供了精神上的寄托。同时,“生活的艺术化”理论也是他在第一次世界大战之后对现代化思想的重新思考,是对早期中国探索现代化之路进行反省的结果,是在对现代化过程中所可能出现的弊端进行充分的估计的基础上提出的带有弥补性的理论。中国正在进行现代化建设,梁启超的“生活的艺术化”理论所进行的反思仍是值得我们借鉴的思想资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liang Qichao’s theory of artistic life was based on the conclusion and introspection of the probe into Chinese way of modernization. The recommendation of it made clear that Liang Qichao’s idea on human beings shifted from rational enlightenment to emotional education.This discourse is mainly composed of three parts: the background, connotation and the way of popularization of the theory of artistic life. There are two reasons that Liang Qichao shifted from political publicity to literature and put forward the theory of artistic life. For one thing, it was his disappointment at the current political situation that forced him to quit political circles and went in for research of academy and inquiry of life philosophy. For another thing, after world war I , his journey to the European countries renewed his thoughts. He began to lose his belief on the western thoughts, had new realization of the western civilization and science and suspected the theory of evolution. Under such kind of backdrop, Liang Qichao researched deeply into the Chinese ancient culture and put forward the theory of artistic life. The mental connotation of artistic life is "doing for nothing". The spirit infiltrates through interest, freedom, happiness, and emotion. Artistic life is a life guided by interest which is full of vitality and initiative. Therefore, one is never pessimistic and world-weary. However, Liang Qichao’s theory does not mean to make life completely aesthetic, and always be determined by the sense of更多还原