【作者】 尹岳群；

【导师】 张曙临；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 政治经济学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 人力资本理论自创立以来,经有关学者不断探索,其理论体系不断完善,研究方法不断丰富。人力资本投资理论是该理论体系的重要组成部分,成本与收益分析方法是分析个人、企业或国家人力资本投资行为的有力工具。它能有效地解释一些社会现象。本文在对有关人力资本投资成本与收益分析理论作了比较深入分析的基础上,指出了其不足之处,并对该理论的完善作了一点尝试性研究。本文认为在整个生命经济周期里个人可能对人力资本进行投资,而且这种投资是递减的;同时由于不同专业性人力资本投资收益率的差异,导致个人变动工作的可能,这种变动是否发生在很大程度上与工作异动成本有关,工作异动成本过大,就会阻碍劳动力的流动,制约人力资本投资活动。 目前“民工荒”问题困扰着我国部分经济发达地区,许多企业出现劳动力短缺现象,与之形成鲜明对照的是大量下岗职工再就业困难。政府和学者都对这些现象进行了深入的探讨,但似乎各种解说都难以令人信服,从而不能真正找到解决问题的方案。基于此,本文力求从人力资本视角解释“民工荒”和下岗职工再就业难的问题。在分析过程中发现:“民工荒”和下岗职工再就业难出现的原因是个人人力资本存量少,不适应企业产业升级的要求。并根据研究所得的结论,提出了解决当前“民工荒”和下岗职工再就业难的建议和对策。 经分析,本文得出结论:工作异动成本是影响人力资本流动和投资的重要因素:目前的“民工荒”和下岗职工再就业难实质上是人力资本问题;解决目前的问题并避免以后再次出现,政府提供部分职业培训费用,企业积极参与,共同提高个人的人力资本;国家应规范劳动力人才市场,促进人力资本的自由流动;改革现行户籍及相关制度,提高民工人力资本投资的受益年限。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Human Capital Theory was created, with the research of the relevant scholars, its theoretical system and research approach is being perfected and enriched respectively. Human capital investment theory is an important component of this theoretical system. Cost and income analytical method boast strong mechanism for individual, enterprise and national human capital investment behavior. It can account to some social phenomena effectively. On the basis of analyzing the theory on human capital cost of investment and the theory on income analysis, it has pointed out their weak point, and has further tried some experiments on the theory. It is thought that individuals may invest human capital during the lifecycle of economy, though the investments decrease progressively. Because of the difference of earning ratio which is caused by different professional human capital, it is possible to lead the individual to change his work. Whether the behavior happens or not is related to working change cost to a great extent. The cost by the job change can hinder flow of workforce and restrict human capital investment activityThe problem of "the civilian worker neglect" is perplexing some developed areas in our country. There is a phenomenon of casual laborers in a lot of enterprises. Contrast with it, the fact is that a large number of laid-off workers reemploy difficultly. Government and scholar have discussed the phenomenon deeply. But various kinds of explanation seem unconvincing. Thus they can’t really find the solution to the problem. Basing on this, this paper tries to study the problem of "the civilian worker neglects" and the difficult problem that the laid-off worker reemploy from the visual angle of human capital. In the course of analysis the paper finds that the reason why "the civilian worker neglect" or difficulty of the laid-off worker reemployment appears is little quantity更多还原