【作者】 张锦亮；

【导师】 魏泓；

【作者基本信息】 西南师范大学 ， 动物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 背景: 为解决当前水产养殖所面临的水体富营养化、农药残留、病原微生物抗药性等问题,微生态制剂逐渐引入到水产养殖中来。芽孢杆菌作为水产微生态制剂的菌株使用较光合细菌、硝化细菌、乳酸菌等菌株晚。但芽孢杆菌有几方面优势,产酶丰富,对水质改良和底泥处理有作用;耗氧能力强,抑制好氧的致病菌;产生抑菌素,抑制水中和鱼体内的致病菌。市场上的芽孢杆菌产品已有数十个品种,市场反馈在有效性和针对性等方面还很欠缺,主要是缺乏优良的芽孢杆菌菌株,参考国内外同类研究,也都着眼在菌株的筛选和特性研究上。 水产微生态制剂的生产工艺还比较粗放,影响到产品有效性和稳定性,而且增加了产品生产成本,不利于水产微生态制剂的推广,因此对在水产微生态制剂工业生产上应用固体发酵技术进行研究。固体发酵技术由来已久,应用广泛。在现代发酵工业中固体发酵的应用可以归纳下面几点优势。首先,培养条件相对简单,培养基只需要比较简单的前期处理;其次,工业生产的资金投入较小,利于规模化;另外,固体发酵的产品性能较好;而且工业生产时排污少,环境污染小更有利于生物循环等。 目的: 分离并筛选适宜于水产养殖的微生态制剂的芽孢杆菌,并研究菌株特性及菌株在体内试验中对病原微生物的抑制作用;对菌株的固体发酵工艺进行探讨。 方法和结果: 1.菌株 1.1 菌株的分离鉴定 从养殖池塘底泥中分离到9株细菌,对照《Bergey’s Manual of systematic Bacteriaology》(1989)第八版,初步鉴定该菌株都是芽孢杆菌,和实验室原有菌株共19株芽孢杆菌进行筛选;更多还原

【Abstract】 Background:To resolve some environmental questions of aquaculture, such as eutropHication and agricultural chemicals residue, microbiological agents were increasingly used in aquaculture. Compared with pHotosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, bacillus strains were utilized later. Overall, bacillus has some benefits: 1. producing enzyme in abundance and taking effect on water quality improvement. 2. having strong ability of oxygen consumption and inhibiting growth of aerobic pathogen. 3. producing ablastin. There has a variety of bacillus strains products in market, but lack of validity and pertinence of market feedback. At this time, most researchers put their eyes on screen and characteristics of strains. It is relatively extensive in process of microbiological products of aquaculture, validity and stability of products can be maintained, and lead to high cost. The research of Solid State Fermentation (SSF) is in need because extensive process is inimical to promoting microbiological products. Long-history SSF was used widely. It has some advantages. First, the condition of cultivation is relatively easily reached. And the medium just need simple pre-treatment. Second, the capital needed to be put in is littler, so that is helpful to be scalized. Otherwise, the characteristics of products of SSF are better, and there is much less pollution, which do good for biological cycle.Objectives:To select out a strains of bacillus suitable for aquaculture and research its’ characteristics.To certify the ability of inhibiting pathogen by experiments in vivoTo optimize the process of this bacillus in SSFMeasures and Results:1. Bacterial strains 1. lSeparation and identificationAccording to Bergey’ s Manual of systematic Bacteriaology, the 9 strains of bacteria we get from the sediment of aquaculture ponds could be identified as bacillus candidates.更多还原