【作者】 李卓；

【导师】 李禹；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 设计艺术学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 现今社会,Internet 网已将全球联通,信息的共享和交流已经成为人类的共同需求,网络作为高科技与信息交互式媒介的产物,成为人类生活中不可或缺的重要连接纽带。信息的传播和获取已是国家、企业甚至个人发展充实的必要手段。统计显示,人们通过Internet 获取信息,超过95%的比例是通过浏览各种类型的网页来实现的。如何有效提高网页设计的艺术性和美学内涵是当前网页设计中的热点研究问题。本文从认知心理学入手,结合一些色彩、构图等艺术设计理论知识,详细分析了人们在浏览网页时的心理行为。针对构成网页的基本技术和艺术要素,详细讨论了网页的版面布局,简短标题和宣传标语的设计,文字的编排,网页中图形图像的使用,网页菜单的设计以及色彩的选择和文字的编排等诸多内容。结合具体的实例,阐述了运用认知心理学和色彩等艺术设计理念的具体方法和在网页设计中的注意事项。综合表明,运用认知心理学和色彩等艺术设计理念是有效提高网页设计水平和网站知名度的新方法。它是在计算机硬件平台和技术水平提高的基础上的再次创作,是更高水平的设计。综合运用以上各种交叉学科的理论知识可以有效地提升网页设计的艺术水平和美学内涵,为网站等许多商业和个人用户带来更多的社会效益和经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the theories in Cognitive Psychology and color art ideas,this paper discusses some techniques and skills about Web page design aiming at primitive Web elements such as the layout design of Web pages,advertisement labels and menu selection etc. It presents some particular methods how to apply Cognitive Psychology and color art ideas in Web page design by examples and makes better results than before. 1. The Background Cognitive Psychology rose in the west in the 50s of the 20th century, and it became the main research domain in 1970s. It researches on the cognitive process,for example,attention,perception,representation, memory,thinking,language and so on. Cognition,for another word, is to gain and use knowledge. It contains two aspects called “the structure of the cognition”and “the process of the cognition”. So Cognitive Psychology could be defined as “scientific analysis about the process and structure of the cognition in order to know the behavior of human. With the rapid development of information technology,people obtain information mostly through the Internet. Therefore,it is necessary to easily understand and remember that follow the requests of Cognitive Psychology when designing Web pages,and leads some Web station to become famous in the world. 2. Design Web Pages in Cognitive Psychology View These questions should be attention to:First, attract the attentions of the user by using the computer techniques and various media representation forms;Second,promote the communication between the user and the designer;and finally,meet various kinds of increasing needs of users. 3. Application of Cognitive Psychology in Web Page Design The function of the Cognitive Psychology here is to layout the words,pictures and video frequency in a perfect position which should be most suitable for browsing,according to certain vision rule. So it can be accepted by the readers naturally and effectively. 3.1 The Layout of Web Page At First,the designer should pay attention to the vision process. When people browse web pages,ones obtain the information by eyes. Therefore,the research on figure from intuition to consciousness should be helpful to grasp the basic rules of the process which human knows things by eyes. And the results should be applied into Web page design. Second,we should notice the vision elements. To design a web page with perfect effective,we should harmonize relationship of the three issues (the point, the line and the surface). Third,the appropriate arrangement of the words should also be regarded. It depends not only on the color,the font and the font size,but also on the proper way of permutation and combination. To synthesize all of the mentioned factors and form a contrast but uniform style may be the best. And finally,we should consider the aesthetic factors. And sometimes it will be fine that one remains a proper size of blankness on the web pages.3.2 Brief Labels Designing web pages should be for the purpose of attracting the user and helping the user to remember the information. Therefore,first,we should try to help the user to memorize the information with certain purpose. Second , comprehension can help people to memorize. Compared with memorizing mechanically,comprehension about the content can help us to memorize more entirely and accurately. It is also effective for the designers founding relations between the information they provide and the familiar things of the users. 3.3 Images and Icons The images and icons take great part in the vision constituents of webpage layout,such as the alternating multimedia advertisement which make the choice between the user and the page more active,and The figure and visual impact are much better than characters of the equal area. In a concrete and direct way,the image can express the content of the information much more effective,which make the screen compelling out of dull and make the page seem more keen initiative. Among the elements of page layout,the image plays an important role on posing unique fashion and attracting vision attention. Meanwhile,it could set off vision effect and guide reading. 3.4 Cognitive Psychology in Menu Design Considering the factor of Cognitive Psychology in the menu design,we should make up a user behavior procedure model,including the process of information acquisition and search,the decision and respond process,and feedback based on Cognitive Psychology principles.4. Color Art Idea Color also plays a very important role in Web Pages design. It is the main way by which to adjust the audience vision and mind, and to attract people’s attention. Usually,the presentation of color is achieved by the means of color contrast and congruity. Meanwhile,there are close relationship between color and mind,the most important function of color is to affect people’s idea,including two kinds of psychology effect,that is pure psychology effect and indirect psychology effect. The color of webpage is vital to Web station’s influence power,The designer should pay much attention on choosing colors,pairing colors in order to express the expected meaning including the backgrounds,words,icons,borders,HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and so forth. However,color is not the exclusive factor. It can also be a piece of perfect work if there is unique and novel idea and the colors have strong effect. The common way we used is using the no colorful tint (black or white),for the reason that the black and white have much stronger affection than the other colors. Generally,the black and white are used as the background color and interval color,so as to make the divergent color seem harmony and achieve the goal of contradiction and unification in the page. As for the border, background and the icons,we can use chromatic colors,in which way the whole page seems not dull and the chief part not dazzling. In conclusion,Web page design (aiming at primitive Web elements such as the layout design of Web pages, advertisement labels and menu更多还原