【作者】 范美蓉；

【导师】 刘强； 荣湘民；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 植物营养学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 为开发和推广蔬菜有机-无机专用复混肥,在本课题组前期研究工作的基础上,本文采用田间小区试验探讨了有机-无机复混肥对莴苣和小白菜叶片光合特性,C、N代谢关键酶活性、产量及品质(维生素C、可溶性糖、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、粗纤维及部分氨基酸含量)的影响.试验主要结果如下: 1.有机-无机复混肥能提高莴苣和小白菜中、后期功能叶中的叶绿素含量和净光合速率。 2.与纯化肥处理和农民习惯施肥法处理相比,有机-无机复混肥能明显提高莴苣和小白菜中、后期功能叶中的蔗糖磷酸合成酶、蔗糖合成酶和硝酸还原酶的活性。 3.有机-无机复混肥能较好的促进莴苣和小白菜的生长,提高莴苣和小白菜的产量。有机-无机复混肥处理莴苣产量分别比农民习惯施肥法处理和纯化肥处理提高了12.56%和5.30%;有机-无机复混肥处理小白菜产量与农民习惯施肥法处理之间的差异不显著,但与纯化肥处理之间的差异达极显著水平。有机-无机复混肥处理莴苣和小白菜的纯收益和产投比最高,极大地提高了蔬菜生产的经济效益。 4.有机-无机复混肥能明显提高莴苣和小白菜可食部分的Vc、可溶性糖含量,降低硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的累积,维持粗纤维含量在适宜水平,明显地改善了蔬菜的营养与卫生品质。 5.与纯化肥处理和农民习惯施肥法处理相比,有机-无机复混肥处理能提高莴苣可食部分的蛋白质含量,但对莴苣可食部分的天冬氨酸、苯丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、酪氨酸含量没有明显的影响。小白菜可食部分中的全氮、蛋白氮含量均以农民习惯施肥处理最高,有机-无机复混肥处理次之,纯化肥处理最低。有机-无机复混肥处理小白菜可食部分中的天冬氨酸、丙氨酸和异亮氨酸含量最高。但与纯化肥处理和农民习惯施肥法处理之间的差异不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order for development and extension of organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer for vegetable crops, the paper deals with the effects of organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristic, key enzymes (such as sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase and nitrate reductase) of carbon-nitrogen metabolism, yields and quality (such as the content of vitamin C, soluble sugar, nitrate, inferior nitrate, coarse fibred and amino acids) of lettuce and Pak-choi using field plot experiment on the basis of the past experments. The main results were reported as follows:1. Organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer could increase the content of chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate in the function leaves during middle and late growth stages of lettuce and Pak-choi.2. Organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer could significantly enhance the activities of sucrose synthase(SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) and nitrate reductase(NR) in the function leaves during middle and late growth stages of lettuce and Pak-choi as compared to the treatments of chemical fertilizer and farmer fertilization practice.3. Organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer could promote the growth and increase the yields of lettuce and Pak-choi. The lettuce yield of the treatment with organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer was increased by 12.56% and 5.30% as compared to the treatment with chemical fertilizer and farmer fertilization practice, respectively. There was not significant difference for Pak-choi yield between the treatments with organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and farmer fertilization practice; while there was significant at 1% level between the treatments with organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. Net incomes and output/input ratio from the treatment of organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer was the highest among three treatments. Organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer could significantly increase economic profit of vegetables production.4. Organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer could significantly increase the content of Vc and soluble sugar, and decrease the accumulation of nitrate and inferior nitrate and更多还原