【作者】 刘飞；

【导师】 邹冬生；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 生态学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究针对南方花生产区春夏湿涝害,通过盆栽试验研究了湿涝及湿涝发生后的几种营养调控措施对花生营养吸收和生长的影响。主要研究结果如下: 1)在湿涝条件下,花生对N、P、K和Ca、Mg的吸收和积累严重受抑。N、P、K、Ca总体以叶片下降最明显,其次是根系,茎秆相对下降较小。Mg以茎秆下降最多,其次是叶片,根系相对下降最小。从花生收获后来看湿涝对花376主要营养元素积累总量的影响大于豫花15。 2)几种营养调控措施对受湿涝后花生的N、P、K和Ca、Mg的吸收和积累几乎均有一定的提高。其中含有氮组分的调控处理效果明显,追施磷肥后期可较好的促进花生营养吸收,但效应较迟缓,其余调控处理提高幅度较小。花生叶片中N的积累量和幼果中Ca的积累量与产量之间显著正相关。 3)湿涝导致花生主茎高降低,茎增粗,分枝数减少,叶片数下降,叶绿素含量降低。同时干物质积累大幅度降低,花376以茎叶下降较大,其次是荚果和根系,荚果、根系分配比重增加:豫花工5以荚果和根系下降较大,其次是茎,叶的生物量有所上升,茎、叶分配比重增加.同样含有氮组分的营养调控效果较好。 4)湿涝后花生产量极显著下降,花376减产25%左右,豫花15减产20%左右。减产主要因为总果数和饱果数下降较大。含有氮组分的调控和追施磷肥能较大的提高受湿涝后花376的总果数与饱果数和豫花15的饱果数,极显著的提高受湿涝后花生的产量,营养调控措施平均增产效果花376大于豫花15。其中又以追施氮肥增产幅度最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was mainly aimed at the damage by waterlogging in peanut production regions taking place in south of China during spring and summer seasons. With pot experiment, effects of Waterlogging and its different nutrition regulations on the nutrient absorption and growth of peanut was studied. The main results were as follows:1) Under the condition of waterlogging, the peanut was serious restrained in absorption and accumulation of N, P, K, Ca and Mg. The total amounts of N, P, K and Ca elements in leaves decreased the most obviously. The change trend in root system took the second place and dropped relatively less in stem. The total amount of Mg element dropped the most obviously in the stem. It was second in leaves and it dropped least in the roots. The effect of waterlogging on the total accumulation of main nutrient element in Hua 376 is greater than that in Yuhua 15 after the harvest of the peanut.2) All nutrition regulations improved the absorption and accumulation of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in peanut after suffering from waterlogging. Deal with the result obviously in regulation with nitrogen component part. Phosphorus fertilizer can improve the absorption and accumulation of peanut nutrition very better on later stage, but the effect is obvious and relatively slow. The others regulations improved with the smaller range. Accumulation of N in the leaves and accumulation of Ca in the young fruit was remarkable positive correlation with peanut yield.3) Wterlogging resulted in decrease in the main stem height of peanut. The stem increased thick. The branch counted reduced. The leaf age dropped and the content of chlorophyll reduced. At the same time the accumulation of dry matter reduced by a large margin. Dry matter of the leaf and stem in Hua 376 dropped greater. Secondly it was pod and root system. Distribution proportion of pod and root system increased. Yuhua 15 dropped relatively heavily with the pod and root system. Secondly it was更多还原