【作者】 颜恩锋；

【导师】 孙友宏；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 地质工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国国民经济建设的快速发展以及西部大开发战略的实施,我国基础设施建设步伐加大,特别是近年来公路、铁路等发展迅速,相应的桥梁施工任务增多。目前,我国大口径桩基础施工设备大多采用单一功能钻机,即纯回转钻机或纯冲击钻机。这样的钻机在复杂地层钻进,效率低下,施工周期长,为此,研制一台既能回转,又可冲击钻进的多功能钻机便成为时代的必然,CHF-20 型冲击回转发-反循环工程钻机就是为此而进行的探索。吉林省科学技术厅于2001 年立项,由吉林大学建设工程学院承担本项目的研究工作,经过近3 年的研制、试验,本项目已加工出样机一台,并经过三轮试验改进,使的本产品更加完善。本文从基础理论出发,分析计算了冲击机构的运动情况,并针对2004 年4 月在内蒙古省际大通道阿尔本格勒大桥桥桩施工中出现的问题,提出了自己的解决方案。本项目2005年1月31日通过由吉林省科学技术厅组织的专家鉴定,鉴定委员会认为,本项目达到了国际先进水平。本文通过分析、试验,认为,钻机的冲程、冲击频率以及地层三者之间有最优的匹配关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abstract: With the fast development of our national economic construction and the implementation of West-China development strategy, the infrastructure’s construction of our country speeds up. In recent years, the foundation design of skyscrapers, underground facilities, bridges and quay presents a trend of maximization, that is, large diameter piles foundation has replaced group foundations. Meanwhile, in the China’s strategy to develop its western regions, it was infrastructure construction that carried on at first. Thus, projects of building western railways and bridges become numerous, and so does the demand of drill rigs. At present, large-calibre engineering equipments for pile foundations of our country mostly adopt the single function rig, namely single-rotation rigs or single-impaction rigs. Such rigs often result in lower efficiency and longer period while drilling in complicated stratum. Co-developed by Jilin University and Jilin Mining Mechanical Factory, the CHF-20 rig realized the targets of rotation and impaction. In piles engineering, there are two methods to slag: circulation and anti-circulation. When compared to each other, the latter possesses priorities such as a higher efficiency , lower power consumption, less bit wear and better well completion. With the diameter and depth of drilling well increasing gradually, it is more difficult to drag, which demonstrates the circulation technology’s superiority instead. This paper has been trying to analyze three kinds of circulation ways separately: pump-suction anti-circulation, efflux anti-circulation and gas anti-circulation. Percussion device is a main component of impaction rig, by contrast, slot and crank beam percussion device can realize automatic impaction, which not only lightens worker’s labour intensity but also improve construction efficiency, so it possesses original superiority. This paper analyzed slot and crank beam percussion device’s performance, and then draw conclusions that the second kind (α2>α1 ) bludgons is superior to the first type impaction organization. Furthermore, this paper has tried to analyze the relationship between impaction course of drilling tool and the movements of oscillating sheave. While drilling, the synchronism of one pair of ropes is a steady important factor that guarantee the stability of bit’s impaction. The CHF-20 type impaction-anti-circulation engineering rig adopts automatic and simultaneous winching to solve double ropes’synchronous problem while impacting. The article analyses structure, principle and forces balance of both bevel gear and straight gear simultaneous winching. Weight of the drilling tool, the stroke and frequency of striking are three basic craft parameters in impaction drilling. This paper carried on theoretical calculation toward the two parameters of impaction frequency and stroke, getting the craft parameters of the corresponding stratum . Through analyzing and calculating we can draw that there are certain match relations between frequency and stroke to assault, propose, to different strata , it should be different to assault frequency and stroke at the same time . The author carried on the test on the CHF-20 type impaction anti-circulation engineering rig in the large-way-Alben bridge pile更多还原