【作者】 陈伟；

【导师】 刘昕晖；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 混凝土输送泵是交通、能源、矿山、水电等工程建设的必备机械设备,随着我国国民经济的迅速发展,其保有量越来越大。由于其具有一系列的优点,因此愈来愈受到人们的重视。拖式混凝泵的摆动系统又是其液压系统中的主要部分,它是配合泵送系统工作,准时、平稳、迅速地控制S管阀的摆动,并为泵送系统电液换向阀提供控制油。因此,解决摆动系统的振动与噪声对混凝土泵的发展起着重要的作用。 本文首先介绍了本课题的研究背景,国内、外混凝土泵及泵送技术的研究发展,并介绍了摆动系统的组成和工作原理,对组成系统中的蓄能器、S管阀及改进后所需要的节流阀分别进行了特性分析,导出了原系统与改进后系统的数学模型并对数学模型用MATLAB进行仿真,并通过实验得到的曲线验证了模型仿真的正确性。并根据这些实验曲线对摆动系统改进前后进行了深入、全面的分析,得出了改进系统在理论上的正确性,从而达到了课题所要研究的目的。在本论文的最后,我们还提出了另两种摆动系统的改进方案,并将其与本实验方案进行对比。目前,系统还不能完全应用到实际生产中,还需要进一步的改进,以使其在各方都更完善,更好的应用到混凝土泵上。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the course of concrete construction, the transportation and moulding of the concrete is a strenuous and important work. That needs rapidly, in time, ensures the quality of products and reduces work time, Especially to some large-scale armored concrete structures (the foundation of heavy-duty equipment, undergrpund project ,etc.) and skyscraper, how to correctly choose the concrete’s transport and the methods of building to be even more important, that often determines the work time and work force.Concrete transport pump are used more and more in modern construction site, that can once finish competence transporting and vertical transportation in succession , with high efficiency, low workforce and expenses, especially to construction site of narrow and having the barriers where the other transport is difficult close to constructing site directly, however the concrete pump can work effectively. The distance of concrete pump transport is long, more units in certain time, The pump can reach the summit of skyscraper two or three hundred meters high, millions of cubic meter of large-scale foundations can scratch and build within short time also, The other means can’t compare with it, so it’s superiority is very remarkable, therefore it is popular and applied for a long time in the industrially developed country, especially the combination of the mix concrete production and pump sending constructing change the appearance of construction site, concrete of project completely in advance especially. In these years large scale construction has raised in our country, the pump sending concrete is also developed very much in our country. Shanghai, etc. have developed pump sending concrete technology long time ago, the proportion of pump sending concrete and the techniques of concrete pump sending have already been close to the advanced international standards in concrete project amount. The concrete pump has high quality assurance and high efficiency, very good economic benefits , and very important meaning to carry out production strictly in line with rules and regulations of the construction site, and gain the favor in the building trade more and more.The hydraulic pressure system is one of the most important components in the concrete pump, the design not merely having very great influence on technical feature of the concrete pump, but also is essential to the security and dependability of working to the concrete pump complete machine. The swing system is also a very important part in the hydraulic pressure system, it’s performance of reversing influences directly the quality of concrete pump (stop up question of in charge,transport volume efficiency and working dependability ,etc. for instance), But swing jar produce enormous vibration and noise for it’s high speed and heavy mass force . So, if it is not done good about the problem of buffer, the vibration characteristic will be affected greatly, and it’s working life and the health of workers. So speaking from this meaning, it is initiative methods to solve reasons produced in vibration and noise from hydraulic pressure system.So, after analyze detailed and deeply to the concrete swing system, we put forward improvement methods to the study in text, and have made a large amount test to the buffer of jar, have solved the systematic buffer problem of swinging for a certain degree.This text is divided into five chapter altogether.Chapter 1: explained the development overview of concrete pump and the development of pump sending technology at home and abroad at first, then introduced the concrete pump briefly and swung the hydraulic pump and type and performance of assigning the valve in the system, explained concrete purpose and content of studying in a subject at the same time .Chapter 2: the swing system and components: Introduce the principle of plunger cylinder, accumulator , four way valve and distributing valve of S types and analyze detailed and differentiated the quiet, dynamic characteristic of Accumulator and dynamics characteristic of distributing valve of S types. By the analyses on characteristic of accumulator ,It is concluded that, increased the gas pressure before gasbag fill oil the size of the device can be reduced. As the pressure of Accumulator is two times as much as the system working pressure , can hold output effective energy of device is most effective. And because of^F, = G, as it’s volume confirmed, as the more G ,the pressure Px turn higher before filling the oil. Through analyzing about the characteristic of distributing valve of S types we can learn that, as the moment of swinging the acting on distributing valve of S types mainly caused by the axial thrust which cut the ring because of the concrete with pump sending pressure. And through the analysis we list the concrete pump and swung the systematic mathematics model originally, then set up the mathematics model emulation by using Simulink toolbox in MATLAB finally.Chapter 3: introduce in detail to the systematic operation principle of swing after improving at first, and the flow of the concrete research throttle valve and quiet, dynamic characteristic, thus we can learn that, it’s working performance isthe best if a/L (claim water conservancy radius ) is the biggest and passageshortest(throttle port of slice shape), a/L is the area of throttle valve port a compared with the sectional perimeter of valve L (wet perimeter). Because go更多还原