【作者】 赵晗；

【导师】 周慧；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文的目的是利用内蒙古和林格尔新店子东周时期墓地的古代人群(Hlge古代人群)线粒体高可变一区DNA 序列数据,分析该墓地古代人群的遗传结构,从而推断该墓地人群的种系来源,迁移以及种系流向的问题。共得到10 个完整的新店子东周时期墓地古代个体的线粒体高可变一区DNA 序列,并对这些数据进行了统计学分析。将和林格尔新店子东周时期墓地的古代人群与其它15 个现代人群(包括北亚人群,东亚人群,中亚人群以及欧洲人群)进行对比,通过系统发育树构建,多维度分析,主成分分析以及分子差异分析得出Hlge 古代人群与yakut,evenk 人群(北亚人群)在母系遗传上有着较近的亲缘关系。结合考古学与体质人类学的研究结果,我们得出了如下结论:1. 主要由于东周时期气候条件的突变,草场退化甚至沙漠化后,Hlge 古代人群南下迁移至今天的内蒙古地区。从线粒体DNA 多态性分析证明了该人群的迁移历程。2.Hlge 古代人群很有可能与匈奴的祖先类型在母系遗传上是同源的。以上结论可为研究和探讨东周时期我国北方草原地带部族居民的遗传学特性,各民族间的发展演变,与中原地区古代居民的基因交流以及中国北方长城地带游牧文化带的形成等提供重要的资料。对于内蒙古中南部东周时期的考古学文化的研究具有重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 1999, archaeologists found a 2400-year-old necropolis that located inXindianzi, Helingeer of Inner-Mongolia. To determine the origin and migration ofthe ancient population (Hlge population) found in this necropolis, we successfullyextracted DNA from ancient skeletal remains of 10 specimens. Ancient DNA wasanalyzed by amplifying and sequencing HVSI of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)control region.After analyzing the sequences of mitochondrial DNA, we observe twelvemutations by aligning with CRS. Particularly, Sample 6 shares one haplotype withSample 8.In these sequences, site 16223(C→T) which mostly distributes in asianpopulations exists in nine samples and site 16260(C→T) found in most northernasia populations presents in seven samples. In addition, site 16111(C→T),16185(C→T),16256(C→T),16298(T→C),16327(C→T) and 16362 (T→C) areobserved in these samples.According to the mutations of HVSI, eight sequences were classified asbelonging to M macrohaplogroup that mainly distributes in Asian populations, andthe rest of two sequences were classified as belonging to N macrohaplogroup. Thehaplogroup distribution of Hlge population is similar to that of Xiongnu that wasan ancient nomadic tribe, which indicates that Hlge population and ancestor ofXiongnu may be homologous on matrilineal lineage.According to archaeology and physical anthropology, the ancient populationburied in this site may be northern nomads who came from Mongolia altiplano andarea of out Baikal because of cold weather in Dongzhou period. To confirm theconclusion of archaeology and physical anthropology, we selected fifteen modernpopulations as comparative populations according to the location of them,更多还原