【作者】 郭柏；

【导师】 郭树旭；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 电路与系统， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过分析传统自动抄表系统的不足,提出了基于PC/104 模块和嵌入式Linux 的解决方案。本系统通过电力线与采集器通信,通过局域网或者拨号方式连入Internet,简洁、快速地与远程管理中心进行双向通信,实现自动抄表以及自动报警等功能。具有良好的工业现场抗干扰能力,高可靠性。着重阐述了基于Linux 的集中器嵌入式软件的实现方法。第一章综合论述了本文研究工作的意义、课题主要内容和自动抄表系统以及嵌入式系统、嵌入式Linux 的发展现状。第二章对本文提出的基于PC/104 模块和嵌入式Linux 的远程自动抄表系统进行了详细的功能分析。第三章介绍了系统开发环境和所用的编程技术。硬件平台采用PC/104模块ICOP-6070,软件开发平台为Linux 操作系统。所用到的主要编程技术有多线程技术、Socket 编程技术和串口编程技术。第四章详细介绍了集中器的软件设计。软件的实现由定时任务模块、网络通讯模块、串口通讯模块等组成。第五章介绍了电力载波通讯模块的设计。核心芯片采用PL3105。第六章给出了本文研究的主要结论,并对系统进一步优化工作进行展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automatic Meter Reading--AMR for short--refers to reading and dealing with the whole course of the data automatically through the dedicated device by means of computer network, communication, electronic technology. Generally an intact system of AMR is made up of a lot of main stations, Reading Concentrate Units (RCU), Meter Reading terminal stations and meters. At present AMR is realized in its RCU. Its hardware platform is generally based on 8 bits or 16 bits MicroController, and its software mostly adopts single circulation control method. This system has following shortcomings: Operation ability is relatively bad; The hardware platform tends to be much dependent; In case of lacking effective multitask coordination mechanism, it is far from easy for application software to realize the task and the stability is hard to be guarantee; Distributed multitask is not good at processing, and its networked and intelligent support can not meet the needs of long-term development. The perfect combination of PC/104 module and embedded Linux can well solve above-mentioned problems. The chip and components PC/104 has adopted is suitable for various kinds of abominable working environment. Linux’s source codes are free and open, and it has extensive technical support worldwide. And what’s more, it can support multi-hardware platform. Its key code is small but very efficient; In addition, the system has high liability, stability and flexibility, and it is easy to upgrade. It is a multi-user and multi-task network operation system. At present AMR mainly adopts wired communication technology and power line carrier technology. As a traditional method wired communication technology prevails for its stability. However, it’s a huge work to pave the lines which are subjected to be damaged. Power line carrier technology can solve this problem effectively. It utilizes the existing power line as the communication line, avoiding paving line project, so its advantage is obvious. For this reason, with reference to both at home and abroad existing results we have proposed a solution of three layers based on embedded Linux technology. Administrative center is standard PC. Intermediate level adopt standard industry embedded PC/104 series module. And the ground floor adopts the ripe data collector. When the system works, collector accumulates and stores pulse signals gathered, and translate the signals into the amount of power, water and gas etc. This sort of translation can be set in the administrative center. At the same time, Collector carries on two-way communication with PC/104 embedded system through the low-voltage power line. Reading concentrate unit is the control pivot of AMR’s communication system. Every concentrator sends information to administrative center computer through Internet and it also supports remote access. Administrative center deals with sending orders, setting parameter, displaying the situation of the operating system and communicating with PC/104 embedded system. It can provide simultaneous information of each meter in each family, such as operating parameters, working conditions and history records. The database server is responsible for storing the data. As the bridge of the AMR, the RCU has following functions: ⑴Transmitting data ⑵Storing data ⑶Monitoring regularly ⑷Setting up on the spot According to this scheme, we adopt multi-task embedded operating system Linux as software platform. We adopt multi-thread programming to realize the functions planned. Then the system is divided into the following several pieces of thread: gathering data thread, analyzing thread, patrolling thread, thread dealing with network communication and main thread. From designing the angle, it is divided into three pieces of module, including: timing task module, network communication module and series communication modules. Timing collecting thread gets the data from series mouths regularly. If communication appears to be unusual, then it produces an error record. If normal, store the data into overall variable and notify the analyzing thread to更多还原