【作者】 赵建芬；

【导师】 韩会玲； 马香玲；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要探讨了慢速渗滤污水土地处理系统的设计,以及设计中植物选择、场地适宜性、土地面积及水力负荷设计等内容。针对慢速渗滤土地处理系统水力负荷较小的问题,本文进行了一种旨在提高水力负荷的改进的慢速渗滤土地处理系统的试验研究,即污水灌溉与再生利用复合系统。该系统安装了可以控制地下排水并回收出水的排水装置,利用较少的土地处理大量污水,同时利用污水中的氮、磷、有机物等营养物质,促进农业增产丰收,实现污水利用与污水处理结合。通过对污水水力负荷及排水过程进行合理设计,可以保证这种改进的慢速渗滤系统能很好地去除各种污染物,出水水质可以达到回用于其他用途的标准。试验结果表明: 1.本生态工程进水来自生活小区污水,水质劣于地面水环境Ⅴ级国家标准,经系统处理后,水质得到明显改善。从污染物平均去除率来看,系统对悬浮物、氨氮、生物需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、总磷去除率均达到90%以上,对总氮的去除率达80%-90%。 2.本试验采用旱地作物和水生植物两种系统对照,水生植物系统水力负荷大于旱地作物系统。试验结果表明,水生植物系统处理污水优于旱地作物系统,两种系统对悬浮物、氨态氮、生物需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、总磷去除效果差异不显著,对总氮的去除效果差异显著。 3.系统运行前后,采集试验土样进行化验,结果表明,氨态氮、硝态氮、总磷的含量变化不明显,即氨态氮、硝态氮、总磷在土壤中不会产生明显的累积,由此也说明,系统运行不会明显加大土壤中氮、磷含量,不会因累积影响土壤性状,系统具有可持续性。 改进的慢速渗滤生态处理系统坚持污水利用与污水处理相结合的方向,不仅能有效地去除污水中的各种污染物,而且该系统不需要复杂的技术支持,运行操作简单,日常耗费低,因此在治理湖泊营养化、处理小区生活污水及在城市污水再生与回用方面具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper mainly discussed the design of slow rate land treatment system and plants choosing, fitting field, land area and hydraulic load designing . In order to solve the problem of hydraulic load of slow rate land treatment system, this paper carried through experimental research to increase hydraulic load of land treatment system, namely sewage irrigation and effluent reuse. The system fixed drainage device that could control drainage and collect discharged water, and the system could dispose a large of sewage with less land area and could use nitrogen, phosphor, organic substance of sewage to realize sewage disposal and sewage irrigation . All kinds of contaminations could be disposed effectively through controlling hydraulic load and drainage process, water quality discharged could satisfied with other usage standards. Experimental results showed:1. This experimental sewage which came from living area was lower than the standard listed of 《Vsurface water quality standard》; Water quality was improved obviously through disposing. The removal rate of consistence of suspended substance 、 ammonia nitrogen, BOD5, the index of hypermanganate, total phosphor was higher than 90%, and the removal rate of total nitrogen was between 80% and 90%.2. Dry land crops and water plants were contrasted in this experiment, hydraulic load of water plants was higher than dry land crops’. Experimental results showed that water plants system is superior to dry land crops system in disposing sewage. Two kind of systems was not notable in removing suspended substance , ammonia nitrogen, BOD5, the index of hypermanganate, total phosphor, but notable in total nitrogen .3. Land samples was gathered to test the indexes of ammonia nitrogen saltpeter nitrogen , total phosphor before and after system running. Results showed that three substance did not cumulate in soil and system running did not increase the contents of nitrogen, phosphor in soil and did not effect soil properties , so the system was sustained.The system could not only dispose sewage but also use sewage to irrigate and could remove effectively all kinds of contaminations; the system need not complicated technology and running expenses was low, so this technique could be widely applied更多还原