《韩诗外传》双音词研究

【作者】 韩忠治；

【导师】 苏宝荣；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 汉代正处于从上古汉语向中古汉语过渡的时期,是汉语词汇史的重要时期。随着社会的发展与急剧变动,新词新义大量出现,构词法也日臻完备。《韩诗外传》为汉初燕人韩婴所作,由于其特殊的体例,在语言研究上具有很高的语料价值。本文运用静态描写与定量统计相结合的方法,对《韩诗外传》中的双音词的构词方式进行了描写,并将它们与同时代、临近时代著作的相应指标进行比较,揭示其双音词构词方法上的特点,确定其在汉语词汇发展史上的地位。 文章首先在前人成果的基础上制定了较为严格的区分双音词与词组的标准,依据此标准,确定了双音词1408个,然后在定量分析的基础上对他们的结构方式和词义状况进行了描写与分析。全文共分为:韩婴和《韩诗外传》;《韩诗外传》和双音词的研究现状;词和词组的区分标准;《韩诗外传》的双音词;结论等五个部分。 研究发现:西汉初年正处于由上古汉语向中古汉语过渡的时期,这个时期双音词大量出现,其中的语法构词数量远远超过语音构词的数量,合成词在双音词总数中占绝对优势,合成词构词方式也存在着不平衡性,联合式与偏正式远远超出其他形式。与先秦相比,《韩诗外传》中双音词的构词方式已基本完备,但与东汉及现代相比,还有一定距离。总之,西汉初年的双音词在汉语词汇发展史上具有举足轻重的地位,通过对《韩诗外传》中双音词的研究,能够为汉语词汇史的研究提供有价值的材料与依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The more important period of Chinese development is in the Han dynasty .which is the important period of the historical lexicology of Chinese too .Many new words and new meanings of some old words appear with the development of society .At the same time ,the word—formation has made progress too Hanshi Waizhuan (韩诗外传) is written by Han Ying in the Western Han Dynasty .For it’s special style ,it has many values of language material on language research .This paper puts emphasis on completely describing the disyllabic words of the book ,by means of the method of fixed quantity statistics and static description . Compares them correspondingly with those in works of the same and near ages .and then summarizes the characteristics of the constitute forms of disyllabic words .definite it’s position in the historical lexicology of Chinese.At first ,this paper makes some strict criterions on identifying the words and phrases on the basis of previous achievement ,then find 1408 disyllabic words according these rules . This paper describes and analyzes the word—formation and the meanings of these disyllabic words on the base of fixed quantity analysis .It consist of five sections : Han Ying and Hanshi Waizhuan (韩诗外传) ; the current situation of research on Hanshi Waizhuan (韩诗外传) and disyllabic words ; criterions on identifying the words and phrases ; disyllabic words of Hanshi Waizhuan (韩诗外传); conclusion.This paper tries to prove that the early stage of Western Han Dynasty is a period of transition from the remote ages of language to medium ages of language ,in which the disyllabic words increased quickly .The grammatical constitute forms was much go beyond with the pronunciation constitute forms .Most of the disyllabic words belong to compound word .There is unbalance with the constitute forms of compound words .The joint forms and the modifying forms go beyond the other forms .We can find that the constitute forms of disyllabic words of that time is reaching perfect compared with Xianqin language ,and still has some distance with that of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the modern language .Say it briefly .the disyllabic words of the early stage of Western Han Dynasty has the very important position that can’t be neglected .We can supply some valuable materials and attestations for the historical lexicology of Chinese through studying the disyllabic words of Hanshi Waizhuan (韩诗外传).更多还原