【作者】 曹振宇；

【导师】 周根贵；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着公众环境意识的不断增强,人们开始关注旧产品和废旧材料的回收。经济利益、公众的期望以及法律的制约使得制造商不得不将自己的责任延伸至产品的整个生命周期。在过去的几十年中,已经有不少企业建立了自己的回收网络。产品回收网络的设计是逆向物流管理中一个很现实且具有挑战性的问题。有不少学者和专家对这一问题进行了深入的研究,发表了大量的文章。然而很少有文献涉及集中式回收中心的选址定位问题,也很少有学者考虑逆向物流的不确定性,尤其在国内。从零售商或最终客户处回收的产品在回收中心被检测、维修、翻新以及重新销售,这种集中式的回收够使回流物品(包括任何时候的退货和使用后的物品)处理更快捷、更有效率;不确定性则是逆向物流的基本特征,也是其与正向物流最大的区别之一。为了弥补这一空白,本文提出了三个相关的逆向物流网络设计问题,针对这三个问题分别构造了三个非线性混合整数规划模型,同时又设计了求解模型的遗传算法。 第一个模型针对单一产品单一周期的回收中心、分销中心的选址问题。模型中逆向物流与正向物流使用共同的网络,模型的目标是最小化总成本,包括分销中心、回收中心的运营成本、正向物流、逆向物流的运输成本、机会成本以及剩余产品的处置成本。第二个模型是第一个模型的延伸,模型中将运输的时间的最小化作为另一个目标。然而,运输时间的最小化往往与物流成本的最小化存在矛盾。因此,我们改进了先前的遗传算法程序以找到该问题的Pareto解,作为决策更多还原

【Abstract】 Growing environment concern has called much attention to industry recovery of used products and materials. Driven by economic profitability, customer expectations and legislative regulation, manufactures are held responsible to an increasing extent for the entire lifecycle of their products. In the last decade, several recovery networks have been set up. While the design of product recovery networks is one of the challenging and actual reverse logistics problems. A number of papers have been published recently on the issue of reverse logistics network. However, few studies have addressed the problem of determining the number and location of centralized return centers where returned products from retailers or end-customers were inspected, repaired, and refurbished for re-distribution. And few studies have taken the uncertainties into account, which is an important characteristic of reverse logistics. To fill the void in such a line of research, this paper proposes three reverse logistics problems formulated as nonlinear mixed integer programming models and genetic algorithm approaches that can solve these problems.The first model proposed for a single product, single period problem consider location of centralized return centers and distribution centers with combined routing. The model objective is to minimize the total cost including maintenance costs of distribution centers and centralized return centers, transportation costs, opportunity cost and disposal costs for surplus products. In the extended form, a multi-object location allocation model is更多还原