【作者】 赵丽娟；

【导师】 林亲众； 邓云飞；

【作者基本信息】 中南林学院 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是在前人研究的基础上,通过对中南林学院树木标本室(CSFI)、湖南师范大学生命科学院植物标本馆(HNNU)和中国科学院华南植物园植物标本馆(IBSC)所收藏的湖南槭属标本的全面鉴定和整理,以及野外补充调查,基本查清了本省槭属植物种类,研究结果概述如下: 1)按照方文培槭属分类系统,记载了湖南槭属植物40种、3个亚种、17个变种,隶属于2个亚属、10个组,分别占全国总种数和总组数的27%和67%,种类之多居我国第三。 2)新记录种7个、亚种1个、变种4个,分别是元宝槭(Acer truncatum Bunge)、锐角槭(Acer Acutum Fang)、纳雍槭(Acer nayongense Fang)、紫花槭(Acer pseudo-sieboldianum(Pax)Komarov)、茶条槭(Acer ginnala Maxim.)、亮叶槭(Acer ludidum Metc.)、信宜槭(Acer sunyiense Fang)、枫叶槭(Acer tonkinense H. Lec. subsp. Liquidambarifolium (Hu et Cheng) Fang)、南川长柄槭(Acer longipes Franch. ex Rehd. var. nanchuanense Fang)、钝角三峡槭(Acer wilsonii Rehd. var. obtusum Fang et wu)、小果岭南槭(Acer tutcheri Duthie var. shimadai Hayata)、三裂飞蛾槭(Acer oblongura Wall. ex DC var. trilobum Henry)等。 3)编绘了湖南槭属植物总分布图和种的分布图,显示出本省槭属植物集中分布于湘西北、湘西和湘西南一线的格局。 4)对与前人在槭属植物分类上有出入之处进行了讨论,提出了自己的看法。 5)对种的区系分析,表明了湖南槭属植物主要为中国特有成分;性质上属于温带性质;对中国特有种的分析,说明了湖南与西南区系的联系最为密切;湘西北——湘西南山地,是本属古老种的一个庇护所;对湖南与邻近省区共有种进行了比较,说明湖南与湖北、四川、贵州等省的槭属植物资源丰富,且关系最为密切;从槭属各组的系统演化地位及其地理分布方面辅证了“横断山区至华中地区是槭属的起源中心和强大的分化中心”。 6)根据槭属植物观赏价值和本省资源丰富程度,提出了槭属植物园林应用的必要性和可行性:通过对红翅槭、樟叶槭、三峡槭等进行了扦插和播种育苗试验,试验结果初步表明:①槭属植物扦插繁殖较困难,但使用生根粉后有所改善。②植物种子发芽率较高,但不同种子具有不同的休眠期,可通过湿沙催芽解决。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on examination specimens and field investigation, taxonomy and usage in gardens of Acer L. in Hunan province are studied. The brief conclusions are summarized as follows:1) According to Fang Wenpei’s system, there are 40 species, 3 subspecies and 17 varieties belonging to 10 sections in 2 subgenera in Hunan province, among of which there is 27% and 67% respectively of whole species and subgenera of China. And it shows that the number of species is the third in China.2) 7 species ,1 subspecies and 4 varieties :Acer truncatum Bunge, Acer Acutum Fang, Acer nayongense Fang, Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Komarov, Acer ginnala Maxim., Acer ludidum Metc, Acer sunyiense Fang, Acer tonkinense H. Lec. subsp. liquidambarifolium (Hu et Cheng) Fang, Acer longipes Franch. ex Rehd. var. nanchuanense Fang, Acer wilsonii Rehd. var. obtusum Fang et Wu, Acer tutcheri Duthie var. shimadai Hayata, Acer oblongum Wall, ex DC var. trilobum Henry, are new records to Hunan province.3) The distribution map of each taxon of Acer L. in Hunan are drawn. It shows that the distribution center of Acer L. is in central China expanded from NW to SW Hunan province. Moreover,the distribution of each species has been provided.4) Some taxonomical problems are discussed in the present paper.5) Analysis of specific flora demonstrates that Acer L. in Hunan make chiefly for endemic element to China and belong to the temperate zone. By endemic species annalysis,it shows that Hunan has a most relationship with SW flora. And the mountanious region from NW to SW Hunan province is a shelter of acient Acer L.. Comparing Hunan province with adjacent provinces such as Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou etc. and analysis of mutual species between Hunan and each other province, they demonstrate that the resource of Acer L. in Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou province etc is the most abundant in China. And it is best consanguineous relationship between Hunan and these provinces. According to sestematic position and distribution of each section, it is agreed that " The modernistic distribution and powerful differentiation center of Aceraceae are from Hengduan Mountain China to central China".6) The necessarity and feasibility to use the species of Acer L. in gardens are brought forward owning to their ornamental value and abundance degree in Hunan province. Furthermore,the experiment of cartage demonstrated that nursery stock growing by this way is very hard unless using accelerant of rootage.And the experiment of semination更多还原