【作者】 邓实群；

【导师】 黎道洪；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 贵州作为中国乃至世界喀斯特分布面积最大片区的中心区,发育着一套最典型、显著的喀斯特洞穴和地下河,洞穴结构复杂、类型多样。世界喀斯特许多理论问题都有赖于中国南部喀斯特的研究而得到解决,基于国内外的研究基础、贵州喀斯特洞穴的多样性和复杂性、对荔波的典型喀斯特洞穴的洞穴动物及其生态学进行调查研究。2004年 6 月至 2005 年 1 月通过两次野外调查,对荔波县的玉屏镇、甲良镇、永康、翁昂等地的十一个洞穴的软体动物、节肢动物、脊索动物进行了调查和标本的采集,对部分环境因子在夏、冬两季的变化分别进行了测量和记录,共捕获标本 2305 号(含统计数)。经鉴定隶属 3 门 6纲 12 目 47 科,并列出荔波洞穴动物的名录,且对各光带的物种数、动物数量及其分布和部分环境因子相联系进行了分析,各洞穴动物类群及其数量在夏、冬季的差异,同时分析在两个季节干湿度和温度的变化对洞穴动物的影响,洞穴气体中二氧化碳含量对洞穴动物群落的影响。还计算出不同洞穴的多样性、优势度、相似性和丰富度指数,所研究洞穴内各光带之间相似性指数,并对其中的数据进行分析,运用部分环境因子进行解释说明。之后对洞穴动物中的主要类群洞穴蜘更多还原

【Abstract】 As the center of the largest area of karst in China even aroundthe world,Guizhou possesses a set of typical and remarkablekarst caves and underground rivers.The caves are complex instructure,various in pattern.Lots of theory problems aboutkarst in the world are based on the studies of karst in the Southof China,and then resolved.According to the studies both at homeand abroad ,diversity and complexity of karst caves inGuizhou,this paper investigates the typical karst cave animalsand ecology in Libo.During the period of June ,2004 andJanuary ,2005,the author investigated Mollusca,Arthropoda andChordata in eleven caves in YuPing Town,JiaLiang Town,YongKang,Weng’ang etc.Of the county of Libo and collectedspecimens through two field investigation. Meanwhile, theauthor measured and recorded partial environmental factorswhich change in summer and winter,including 2305 specimenscollected in vestigation.The specimens are identified as threephylums ,six classes,twelve orders and forty seven Families.Thepaper lists names of cave animals in Libo,analyzes the numberof species and animals,their distribution which varied withpartial environmental factors,the different kind group andnumber of cave animals in summer and winter,the effect of thehumidity and temperature towards cave animals as well as theeffect towards cave animals caused by the content of carbondioxide in the cave air.It calculates the indexes ofdiversity,dominace,similarity and richness of differentcaves,the similarity index among different light belts in thestudied caves ,analyzes the data and explain them using partialenvironmental factors,and then studies the main cave spiders andspiral shells among the cave animals respectively.The conclusion isdrawed from the studies,that is ,the dominant species isDiestrammena marmorata among the cave animals in Libo(27.11% ofthe total number),the number of species decreases regularly fromthe bright belt to dark belt,both the kind group and number ofspecies are richer in summer than in winter,which has greatrelevance with the environmental factors as well as the humidityand temperature.The content of carbon dioxide in the cave israther high,two times as high as the one in the air.Incaves ,animals are sensitive to the carbon dioxide.Generallyspeaking,the higher the carbn dioxide,the fewer the kind groupof animals is.The indexes of richness and maximal diversity ofthe caves,where there are more species or more kind groups,islarger.Whiletothewholecave,indexesofdiversity,homogeneity,dominaceor the number of kind groups are not corresponding.From the lightbelt,dim belt and dark belt,the species or kind groups decreasesregularly,All of the indexes except the indexes of homogeneityare corresponding to the number of species or kind groups.更多还原