【作者】 董亮；

【导师】 张志国；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 基质栽培是现代化花卉生产的特色,而基质作为基质栽培技术的关键,是植物生长的基础和媒介。基质的理化性质直接影响植物的生长发育,其中,基质pH 值是基质化学性质的一个重要指标,任何植物都有其生长发育所需要的最佳pH 值范围,pH 值过高过低会影响养分的有效性,从而影响植物的生长。目前,栽培基质主要成分泥炭的pH 值偏低,直接用于栽培花卉植物会对其生长产生不良影响,因此需要对其进行调节,主要用的调节材料是石灰石粉。目前国内外主要研究了育苗基质pH 值的调节,研究时间较短,而对栽培基质pH 值的调节研究几乎没有,并且也没有进行栽培花卉时、日常的施肥管理对基质pH 值影响的研究。所以,针对以上方面,本试验主要进行了以下研究:通过恒温培养方法研究了不同用量、不同粒径的白云石粉对基质pH 值在120 天内的影响;调节后,常规施肥管理条件下种植万寿菊,基质pH 值的变化情况;恒温培养下用0.01mol/lH2SO4 模拟酸性肥料对调节的泥炭pH 值的影响;羽衣甘蓝在施用酸性肥料的情况下,基质pH 值的变化情况。研究结果表明:1.基质pH 值的变化与白云石粉的粒径、施用量大小有关。不论是活性酸还是潜性酸,pH 值的变化主要发生在前5 天,15 天后,pH 值的变化逐渐趋于平缓,逐渐达到稳定状态。对于泥炭来说,当石灰石用量为6kg/cm~3 时, A:Φ<0.01mm 粒径调节的泥炭pHH2O 值为6.01,pHKCl 值为5.80;对于泥炭:蛭石(2:1,v:v),B:0.01 mm <Φ<0.25 mm、C:0.25 mm <Φ<0.50 mm 粒径调节的pHH2O 值分别为6.20、6.13,pHKCl 值分别为6.16、5.83;对于泥炭:珍珠岩(2:1,v:v),C:0.25 mm <Φ<0.50mm 粒径调节的pHH2O 值为6.16,pHKCl 值为6.03。当石灰石粒径为H:1.34%B + 4.55%C + 12.05%D + 26.45%E +15.32%F + 40.30%G 时,用量不同,泥炭pHH2O 值、pHKCl 值变化幅度不同,两者之间呈线性关系,回归方程分别为:y=0.1341x+3.9856;y=0.11x+3.8309。对于泥炭:蛭石(2:1,v:v),回归方程分别为y=0.1649x+4.4254,y=0.1465x+4.0585。对于泥炭:珍珠岩(2:1,v:v),回归方程分别为y=0.1416x+3.9224 ,y=0.1079x+3.8347。更多还原

【Abstract】 pH is an important property of growth media.Every plant has the best pH scope .Itmust be adjusted when the media pH is not suitable.Now,the main component of growthmedia is peat and the most of peat in our country is from Heilongjiang and Jilin.The peatpH there is very low, and is not beneficial to take in mineral nutrition forplants.Therefor,the first experiment studied about growth media pH adjustment dealedwith different partical size and application rate dolomitic lime. In this experiment,allmedia were incubated at 25℃±3℃in a controlled environment chamber;The secondexperiment studied about the infiuence of dolomitic lime on media pH and the quality ofTagetes erecta;The third experiment studied about growth media pH adjustment dealedwith 0.01mol/l H2SO4、different partical size and application rate dolomitic lime.Allmedia in this experiment were also incubated at 25℃±3℃;The fourth experiment studiedabout the influence of dolomitic lime and acid fertilizer on media pH and the quality ofBrassica oleracea var.acephala.The research results are as follows:1.media pH following incorporation of dolomitic lime varied with lime partical sizeand application rate was different .The most rapid change occurred mainly in the first 5days, and became smaller and small till the 15th day when the pH was found stable .Dolomitic lime at 6kg/m3、A: Φ<0.01mm was added to peat, pHH2O、pHKCl respectivelywere 6.01、5.80. Dolomitic lime at 6kg/m3、B:0.01 mm <Φ<0.25 mm、C:0.25 mm<Φ<0.50 mm were added to peat:vermiculite(2:1,v:v), pHH2O respectively were 6.20、6.13,pHKCl respectively were 6.16、5.83. Dolomitic lime at 6kg/m3、C:0.25 mm <Φ<0.50mm was added to peat:perlite (2:1,v:v), pHH2O was 6.16 and pHKCl was 6.03.Dolomitic lime at H:1.34%B+4.55%C+12.05%D+26.45%E+15.32%F+40.30%Gwas added to three media:the regression equation of peat pHH2O 、pHKCl and dolomiticlime application rate respectively were :y=0.1341x+3.9856 、y=0.11x+3.8309;theregression equation of peat:vermiculite(2:1,v:v) pHH2O 、pHKCl and dolomitic lime更多还原