【作者】 蒲高斌；

【导师】 刘世琦；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以“宝粉”番茄为试材,通过光环境调控技术,探讨了不同光质对番茄幼苗生育、抗冷性及其果实产量和品质的影响,研究结果表明: 1. 红光处理的幼苗干物质积累多,叶面积扩展快,叶绿素含量、光合速率、可溶性糖及总糖含量均最高,叶绿素a/b 比值及总氮含量最低。蓝光处理幼苗的茎粗、叶面积、根系活力、光合速率均显著高于对照(白光)。壮苗指数以蓝光或红光处理的较好,说明在苗期照射红光或蓝光可促进番茄幼苗的生长,有利于培育壮苗。2. 不同光质对番茄幼苗的过氧化物酶(POD) 、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等酶活性的影响显著。红光和蓝光处理促进番茄幼苗的生长,显著提高POD、SOD 及APX活性,有利于培育壮苗。除绿光使CAT 活性明显降低外,红光、蓝光和黄光对CAT 活性无明显影响。3. 番茄幼苗对低温胁迫敏感。受胁迫后,叶片电解质渗漏率、丙二醛含量、SOD、POD、CAT 活性和光补偿点等增加;而AQY、光合速率、Fv/Fm、ФPSⅡ降低,但蓝光或红光下生长的幼苗下降幅度较小,仍维持较高水平,抗冷性较强。4. 定植初期番茄植株生长迅速,各处理间差异显著。红光处理的生长量较高,株高、单株叶面积均显著高于白光和蓝光。定植后,绿光和黄光处理的徒长幼苗因叶面积小、光合速率低,致使生长势弱于其他处理。第三穗果出现后,各处理间的差异逐渐减小,但绿光和黄光处理番茄植株的生长量始终低于对照,且以绿光处理为最低。初花期蓝光处理最早,为2004 年4 月21 日,比白光和红光分别提早3d 和5d。在蓝光和红光条件下培育的番茄幼苗,定植后植株均有较高的光合速率,但红光处理第一、二穗果总果重显著低于对照,而蓝光处理则显著高于对照。单株及小区产量也以蓝光处理最高,说明蓝光处理可以增加产量,特别是植株的前期产量。5. 在转色期间不同处理番茄果实均于处理后8～10d 可溶性糖和有机酸含量达最高,而Vc 和番茄红素于处理后12d 达最大。但不同光质处更多还原

【Abstract】 Under different light conditions, the effect of different light qualities on the growth, physiological characters, yield and qualities of tomato were studied. The main results were as following: 1. The results showed that under red light the dry matter accumulation, leaf area, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, soluble sugar content and total sugar content were all maximal while the chlorophyll a/b ratio and total nitrogen content were lowest compared with the other treatments. The stem diameter, leaf area, root activity and photosynthetic rate of tomato seedlings with blue light were higher than that of white light. The healthy index of the seedling treated by blue light was maximal, and the red light treatment was the second. It is concluded that blue light or red light treatment could accelerate the growth of tomato seedlings, and benefit the breeding of healthy seedling. 2. The activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase were all promoted under red light illumination, as well as blue light illumination. But the activity of catalase was not influenced significantly. 3. The seedlings were sensitive to low temperature stress. For instance, such indexes as chilling injury index, leaf electrolytic leakage, MDA content and SOD,POD, CAT activity improved , and such indexes as AQY, photosynthesis rate, Fv/Fm and ФPSⅡdecreased . But the decreased ranges of seedlings treated with blue or red light were slight and their activities still kept at a higher level. 4. The difference of plant growth among the treatments were remarkable when firstly seedling transplanted. Under red light the growth quantum was more higher, both the plant height and leaf area were all obviously higher than white and blue light treatments. For the smaller leaf area and the lower photosynthetic rate, the way corp growing of seedlings was weak, which were treated with green or yellow light. But the difference began diminishing when更多还原