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小麦—中间偃麦草杂交后代种质系的选育与鉴定

Breeding and Identification of Wheat-Elytrigia Intermedium Hybridization Germplasm Lines

【作者】 赵逢涛

【导师】 王洪刚;

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 , 作物遗传育种, 2005, 硕士

【摘要】 中间偃麦草(Elytigia intermedium, 2n=6x=42)是禾本科小麦族(Triticeae)中的多年生野生草本植物,含有许多对小麦品种改良有益的基因。创建小麦-中间偃麦草的双体异附加系、异代换系和易位系是利用中间偃麦草有益基因的重要途径。 本研究采用形态学、细胞遗传学与分子生物学相结合的方法,对从中间偃麦草与普通小麦品种烟农15 杂交后代中选育的59 个种质系,进行了鉴定;同时在对烟农15 与八倍体小偃麦小偃257 不同杂种世代(BC1F3 、BC1F3*、F3) 进行PMC MⅠ染色体构型分析的基础上,进行了双体异附加株的筛选。 获得的主要结果如下: 1.在59 个小麦-中间偃麦草种质系中,利用形态学方法,筛选出与亲本性状有明显差异的8 个种质系,编号分别为line0605、line0607、line0609、line0610、line0611、line0625、line0588、line0629。对其进行PMC MⅠ的染色体构型分析,结果表明:line0605、line0607、line0609、line0610、line0611、line0625 的PMC MⅠ的染色体构型为2n=22Ⅱ; line0588、line0629 的PMC MⅠ的染色体构型为2n=21Ⅱ。在主要形态特征上8 个种质系均表现出不同程度的差异,其中对白粉病表现为高感到免疫。 2.利用293 个随机引物对8 个种质系及其亲本进行了RAPD 分析, 其中S181、S170、S172、S208、S218、S27、S43 分别在line0605、line0607、line0609、line0610、line0611、line0625、line0588 和亲本间扩增出多态性差异谱带,说明它们含有中间偃麦草的遗传物质,结合细胞学分析结果,证明line0605、line0607、line0609、line0610、line0611、line0625是小麦-中间偃麦草双体异附加系。 3.对6 个双体异附加系所附加染色体进行了异同性鉴定,结果表明:line0605、line0610 和line0625 可能附加了相同的中间偃麦草染色体,line0607、line0609 和line0611 可能附加了另一对相同的中间偃麦草染色体。 4.利用line0588、line0629 与亲本烟农15 杂交,杂种F1 PMC MⅠ染

【Abstract】 Elytria intermedium carries a large of valuable genes for wheat improvement.It is an important way of using these beneficial genes by creating alien addition lines,substitution lines and translo-cation lines.   In the progenies of common wheat Yannong15×Elytrigia intermedium, morphology ,cytogenetics and  molecular genetics methods were used to identify wheat-Elytrigia intermedium hybridization germ plasm lines.In additin,3 different generations from Yannong15×Xiaoyan257 were analyzed by cytogenetics method. Their chromosome behavior were compared and the cultivation and identification of Wheat-Elytrigia intermedium  disomic addition lines were carried on  on this basis. The main results were as the follows:  1.8 germplasm lines(line0605、line0607、line0609、line0610、line0611、line0625、line0588、line0629),which were obviously  different from their parents,were selected from 59 wheat-Elytrigia intermedium hybridization germplasm lines by using the methods of morphology,powdery mildew resistance identifications and cytology . Cytogic results showed that the chromosome configuration at PMC MI of line0605、line0607、line0609、line0610、line0611、line0625 were 2n=22Ⅱ;the chromosome configuration at PMC MI of line0588、line0629 were 2n=21Ⅱ.Morphogy results showed that they all had different agronomic characters of their parents.Results of powdery mildew resistance showed that line0605 was immune, line 0607 was intermediately resistant,line0610 and line0625 were highly resistant,line609 、line0611 and line0588 were intermediately

【关键词】 小麦中间偃麦草种质系鉴定
【Key words】 WheatElytrigia intermediumgermplasm linesIdentification
  • 【分类号】S512.1
  • 【被引频次】5
  • 【下载频次】148
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