【作者】 秦姣；

【导师】 金思毅；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 化学工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对化工过程优质、高产、低耗及安全生产要求的提高,过程综合在过程设计中起着越来越重要的作用,特别是对于高能耗的精馏过程,过程综合就显得更为重要。 关于精馏以及反应精馏过程的研究,前人的工作是卓有成效的,并在精馏和反应精馏过程的设计和模拟方面都取得了很大的成绩。但由于精馏和反应精馏过程的复杂性,在进行精馏塔设计和综合时,往往需要确定精馏曲线、剩余曲线、塔板组成线和夹点曲线,而确定这些曲线都需要经过非常繁琐的计算。本文综合分离工程、反应工程、系统工程等方面的知识,提出了一种简便的塔板差分方程,为过程系统的综合以及实际生产提供理论依据和指导。本文主要研究内容如下: (1)在研究前人关于精馏过程设计和综合方法的基础上,根据质量守恒定律推导出任意精馏塔段的塔板差分方程,并分析了塔板差分方程参数的相互影响关系; (2)通过分析简单精馏塔中的塔板差分方程参数,以及各塔段之间塔板差分方程参数的相互关系,进一步简化塔板差分方程,并给出了简单精馏过程的数学模型; (3)将塔板差分方程应用于简单精馏过程,结果表明,塔板差分方程在确定操作叶、可行区时具有较大的计算优越性,突出的表现在确定夹点曲线和可行域界限。可以看到塔板差分方程的提出,为精馏塔设计和综合提供了一个简单快捷的方法; (4)基于简单精馏塔板差分方程的基础上,推导出了反应精馏塔段的塔板差分方程,分析了方程参数的相互影响关系。并针对反应在整个精馏塔内均能进行的情况,利用自由度分析,讨论了反应精馏塔精馏段和提馏段的数学模型,并通过例子进行应用。 通过实例应用研究可以看到:塔板差分方程的提出为精馏综合提供了一定更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the increasing demand in superior process quality, high production, low consumption and production safety in chemical engineering, the process synthesis plays a more and more important role in the process design, especially in the process of distillation for highly consumption.As for the research of the distillation and reactive distillation process, predecessors have given great investigation in the aspects of the design and simulation. Because of their complexity, the distillation-line, residue-curve, stage-composition line and pinch-point curve is usually needed to establish, in the research of the distillation tower design and synthesis, in which, however, tedious calculation is needed. In this paper, knowledge of the separation engineering, reaction engineering, system engineering are synthesized, and the stage difference equation (SDE) is proposed, which will provide the theory and guideline for the process system synthesis and the real-life production. The followings are focused on in this research:(1) Based on the current distillation design and synthesis method, and with the conservation of mass, the stage difference equation is deduced and the relationship among parameters of it is analyzed;(2) Through the analysis of parameters of the SDE in simple distillation column and the relationship of parameters in different column sections, the SDE is simplified further and the corresponding models are given in process of simple更多还原