聚合物纳米管及聚合物包覆金属同轴纳米电缆组装、结构与性能

【作者】 李建江；

【导师】 宋国君；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 材料学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 一维纳米材料,包括纳米线、纳米管、同轴纳米电缆等,因具有许多独特的光学、电学、磁学、化学等方面的性能,而成为近年来纳米材料领域的研究热点之一。聚合物纳米管是继碳纳米管之后又一个崭新的研究领域,正在异军崛起。本论文紧跟国际前沿,在大量检索、整理、综合分析文献的基础上,首次以孔径为200nm的阳极氧化铝(Anodic Aluminum Oxide,AAO)膜为模板、采用简单可行的模板浸润的物理技术,成功地组装了多种常规分子量的聚合物纳米管;并采用电化学沉积技术,首次成功地组装了常规聚合物包覆金属的同轴纳米电缆;分别对它们的结构与性能进行了表征,并首次对模板浸润法组装聚合物纳米管的机理进行了初步探讨。 一、聚合物纳米管 采用聚合物溶液和熔体浸润AAO模板的方法,组装了常规分子量的PS、PA6、PP、PA66、PU、PRSN—130、PCL和ABS等十多种聚合物纳米管和纳米线,并进行了结构与性能的表征。 (1)采用模板浸润法,首次在200nm的AAO模板中组装了常规分子量聚苯乙烯(PS)纳米管。SEM、FESEM和TEM等测试表明:纳米管外径约为200nm;当溶液浓度为2.5wt%,5.Owt%和10.0wt%时,制得的纳米管的管壁厚度分别为40nm,50nm和65nm;而熔融法制得纳米管的管径约为110nm。 (2)首次采用溶液浸润法制得了具有规整阵列结构的PA6、PP、PA66纳米管。在不同温度下,采用熔体浸润法分别制备了PA6、PP和PA66纳米管和纳米线,并研究了温度对纳米管组装的影响规律。首次制得非极性聚合物(PP,LDPE)纳米管,并对非极性聚合物浸润模板的机理提出了新见解。 (3)采用先进的AFM测试技术,首次对聚合物纳米管(以PS为例)的力学性能进行了测定。 (4)对PS、PA6和PA66纳米管进行了TGA和DTA测试。结果表明:聚合物纳米管的分解温度比模板表面的本体聚合物高100℃以上,具有良好的抗氧化和抗热分解性能。 (5)首次提出了溶液法组装聚合物纳米管的连梯度续浸润机理与模型和熔体法组装纳米管和纳米线的临界值原理及其模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 One-dimension nanostructural materials including nanowires, nanotubes and coaxial nanocables have attracted considerable interest in recent years for its unique properties in optics, magnetic, electronic,etc. Since carbon nanotube was discovered, Polymer nanotube is becoming another heat field attracting much more attention than ever before. In this paper, we describe our work. Several kinds of polymer nanotubes are attained via a simply physical wetting technique using Anodic Aluminum Oxide membrane(diameter 200nm) as template. And we have prepared some polymer/metal coaxial nanocables via a electrochemistry deposition method using the polymer nanotube array as the "second template". We characterized the structure and properties of polymer nanotube and coaxial nanocable by SEM, TEM, FESEM, AFM, EDX, TGA, XRD, etc. And we firstly discussed the formation mechanism of polymer nanotubes.一 .polymer nanotubeWe have prepared several kinds of polymer nanotubes , such as PS, PA6, PP, PA66, PU, PRSN-130, PCL and ABS and characterized their structure and properties.(1)PS nanotubes are first attained using AAO template with 200nm diameter pores. The test results indicated that the diameter of PS nanotubes is 200nm and its wall thickness is 40nm, 50nm ,65nm when the concentration of polymer solution is 2.5wt%,5.0wt%,10.0wt%, respectively. The automatic wetting method, included in solution wetting methods, is prone to attain polymer nanotube array than other methods.(二) we first prepared PA66, PP, PA6,LDPE nanotube arrays via solution wetting method at different concentration and melt wetting method at different temperature. And we discuss the influence of the two facts to the preparation of polymer nanotube. Among the nanotubes described above, the PP and LDPE nanotube arrays are first prepared in the world via the two kinds of methods. Meanwhile we gave a hypothesis of the mechanisim of preparing nonpolar polymer nanotube arrays via solution method.(三)we first tested the mechanics properties of PS nanotube using AFM.更多还原