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RFID IP核的设计实现及其在CF接口RFID读写器设计中的应用

【作者】 许晓军

【导师】 高正平; 王建伟;

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 , 微电子学与固体电子学, 2005, 硕士

【摘要】 大规模集成电路技术的迅猛发展促使芯片生产成本的大幅降低,RFID(射频识别)芯片从最初的几个美元下降到几个美分。RFID 芯片成本的迅速降低加速了RFID 技术的发展和规模应用。RFID 技术发展一个重要的特征和表现是RFID 协议体系的不断发展和完善。比如在13.56MHz 这一频段,相关协议已经从ISO/IEC10536 经过ISO/IEC14443 发展到ISO/IEC15693。ISO/IEC15693 是ISO/IEC JTC1/SC17/WG8 即卡和身份识别工作组新近公布的关于卡和身份卡识别的协议,该协议详细规定了疏耦合卡(读写范围在0~100mm)的物理特性、通信接口和通信协议等方面的内容。一方面,RFID 系统应用的关键和基础是RFID 通信协议的处理实现;另一方面,RFID 的规模化应用必将导致协议处理方法的模块化和固化。为此,本文以ISO/IEC15693 协议为基础,运用TOP-DOWN 的设计方法,设计实现了这一协议的IP(知识产权)核(以下简称RFID IP)。首先,本文在简要介绍RFID 技术及ISO/IEC15693 协议的基础上,从架构和数据流的角度提出了RFID IP 的设计思路、模块划分和模块的主要功能,并简要介绍了各功能模块之间的数据链路和控制与被控制关系。其次,本文详细阐述了几个关键模块的设计思路、实现方法和设计结果。在RFID IP 射频接口实现方面,本文详细分析了ISO/IEC15693 RFID 射频接口两个关键模块(基带信号ASK 调制模块和ASK 载波信号解调模块)的设计方法、关键点和注意事项,即使用副载波负载调制的方法实现弱基带信号的ASK调制,使用差分电路和边沿检测的手段实现ASK 载波信号的解调。在RFID IP逻辑控制实现方面,本文详细分析了逻辑控制的核心部件即RFID IP 状态机的设计,并给出了协议规定各种通信操作的实现流程。再次,在理论创新方面,本文在二进制查找算法的基础上提出了一种新的防碰撞实现的方法,即动态二进制查找算法。动态二进制查找算法的实质是通过对比和排除数据间的相同部分来减少数据量传输,从而提高数据的传输速率。理论分析和实际使用表明这一实现思路在数据传输量和花费时间上比二进制查找算法可减少50%。第四,在应用创性方面,本文提出一种以伪随机特征码为纽带的新的信号

【Abstract】 The rapid development of VLSI made the sharp drop of the cost of of IC, as a result ,the price of RFID chip has dropped from 3~5 dollars to 3~5 cents.The drop of RFID IC promote the progress of the technology of RFID and its repid extension on the whole global with an evidence of the gradual progression of RFID Standards. For example, an Identification Card Standard ISO/IEC15693 distributed recently with an advantage over its former ISO/IEC14443 and ISO/IEC10536. ISO/IEC15693 is an important project of ISO/IEC JTC1/SC17/WG8(Work Group 8) which details on contactless integrated circuit card-vicinity cards and includes three parts:: Physical characteristics (Part 1);Radio frequency Power, Signal interface, Initialisation( Part 2) and Anticollision(Part 3).This Paper expatiates on the design of RFID IP(Intellect Property) Core using Top-Down methord of VLSI design which bases on the Standard of ISO/IEC15693 Firstly, this paper gives the methord of the design of RFID IP ,partion of modules and their function after makes a simple introduction of RFID and . ISO/IEC15693.The data transfer and signal control among these modules are introduced too. Secongly, this paper expatiates on several key modules and their design.On the design of RF interface,this paper make its focus on two modules,ASK Modulation Module using subcarriers and Demodulation Module using difference signals and their edge.On the design of Logical Control,this paper make its focus on the its key component, FSM(finite state machine) and gives the design of the FSM and all of operations of the FSM. Thirdly, on the innovation of algorithm,this paper gives a new methord of Anticollision loop which improves the BST(bool Insert),that is Dynamic BST.This methord improves the speed of data transfer and reduce data stream by find and do not transfer the same bits of data blocks.As a result the performance of the Dynamic

  • 【分类号】TN402
  • 【被引频次】3
  • 【下载频次】594
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