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二阶泛函微分方程解的有界性与平方可积性
【作者】 赵静;
【导师】 孟凡伟;
【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 , 应用数学, 2005, 硕士
【摘要】 常微分方程有界性理论是常微分方程理论中的一个十分重要的分支,它具有深刻的物理背景和数学模型。近年来,这一理论在应用数学领域中已取得了迅速的发展和广泛的重视。 常微分方程解的有界性问题最早是在研究生物学,生态学,生理学,物理学,神经网络问题中提出的,是常微分方程研究中一个十分重要的领域。 根据内容本文分为三章。我们用到下面一个重要的引理: 引理 假设u(t),p(t),q(t)∈C[α,∞)是非负函数且满足以下不等式 v(t)≤v0+integral from a to t (p(s)v(s)ds)+integral from a to t (q(s)[v(s)]rds),t≥a,这里v0≥0,r∈(0,1]是常数.那么对t≥a,有 本文第一章是绪论。 本文第二章中,我们讨论了n维非自治系统 dx/dt=f(t,x),(2.1.1) 的解的有界性,其中f(t,x)∈C[J×Rn,Rn],且为(t,x)的实连续函数,满足解的的存在与唯一性定理的条件。通过放宽对导数dV/dt的限制,对文[1]和文[34]中的有界性基本定理作了相应的推广和改进。其主要结果如下: 定理2.1.1 若存在V(t,x)∈C[J×Rn,R],使得 (1)V(t,x)≥φ(‖x‖),φ∈KR; (2)dV/dt|(2.1.1)≤g(t),其中g(t)在t≥0上非负可积。 则系统(2.1.1)的解有界。
【Abstract】 The theory of boundedness is one of important branches of differential equations.In the field of modern applied mathematics,it has made considerable headway in recent years,because all the structure of its emergence has deep physical background and realistic mathematicalmodel.The boundedness of solutions of differential equations first arise in the fields of biology, ecology,physiology,physics,neural network and so on.It is also one of important areas in the study.The paper is divided into three chapters according to contents. We need a important Lemma throughout this paper.Lemma[2] Assume that v(t),p(t),q(t) 6 C[a, oo) are nonnegative functions and satisfy the following inequalitywhere v0≥ 0 and r ∈ (0,1] are constants. Then for t ≥ a,The first chapter is a preface.In the second chapter,we consider the n-dimensional nonautonomous system of differential equationswhere f(t,x) ∈ C[J × Rn,Rn] and f(t, x)is a real continous funtion. This chapter make great improvement and generalization toward the paper [1] and [34] by means of improving the limitations of (dV)/(dt) .We state the main results as follows:Theorem 2.1.1 Assume that (?)V(t, x)∈ C[J × Rn, R], which satisfies (2) ^l(2.i.i) < g(t), where g(t) > 0 for t > 0,and J0°° g(t)dt < +oo. Then all solutions of system (2.1.1) are bounded.Theorem 2.1.2 Assume that3V(t,rr) e C[J x Rn,R], which satisfies (l)V(t,x)><p(\\x\\),tpeKR;(2) ^l(2.i.i) < 9(t)V(t), where g{t) > 0 for t > 0, and /0°°g{t)dt < +oo. Then all solutions of system (2.1.1) are bounded.Theorem 2.1.3 Assume that 3V(t,x) G C[J x Rn,R], which satisfies {l)V{t,x)>tp(\\x\\)t<p€KR;Cm \r(2) -^-1(2.1.1) < 5(*)V(t) + /i(*)V°(t) ,0 < a < 1, where c?(t) > O,h(t) > 0for t > 0, and f? g{t)dt < +oo ,/0°° /i(t)dt < +oo. Then all solutions of system (2.1.1)are bounded.Theorem 2.1.4 Assume that3V(t,x) £ C[J x i?n,.R], which satisfies(l)V(t,x)><p(\\x\\),<peKR;fry(2) -^-1(2.1.1) < 9(t)V(t) + h(t), where g(t) > 0,/i(t) > 0 for * > 0, and/0°° g(t)dt < +oo Jo°° /i(t)d* < +oo.Then all solutions of system (2.1.1) are bounded.Remark 2.1.1 Theorems 2.1.1-2.1.4 improve and generalize Theorem 3.6.1 in [1] and Theorem 3.3.1 in [34].Theorem 2.1.5 The sufficent condition for any solution of system (2.1.1)is uniform bounds , 3V(t,x) e C[J x Q,R], Q = {x\\\x\\ > i?},which satisfies(l)^i(||a;||) < V(t,x) < tp2(\\x\\),<pu<P2 £ KR-(2) ^-I(2.i.i) < ^(t),where g{t) > 0 for t > 0, and /0°° g(t)dt < oo.Theorem 2.1.6 The sufficent condition for any solution of system (2.1.l)is uniform bounds , 3V(t,x) € C[JxSl,R], £1 = {x\\\x\\ > i?},which satisfies(1) ^Hxll) < V(t,x) < <p2{\\x\\), ipu<p2 e KR;(2) ^l(2.i.i) < g(t)V(t),where g(t) > 0 for t > 0,and /o°°g(t)dt < oo.Theorem 2.1.7 The sufficent condition for any solution of system (2.1.l)is uniform bounds , 3V(t,x) G C[JxQ,R], fi = {ar|||x|| > i?},whichsatisfies(1)M\\x\\) < V(t,x) < <p2(\\x\\), ipM e KR;(2)^-|(2.i.i) < g(t)V(t) + h(t), where g(t) > O,h(t) > 0 for t > 0,andfo°° g(t)dt < oo, fo°° h(t)dt < oo.Theorem 2.1.8 The sufficent condition for any solution of system (2.1.1)is uniform bounds , 3V(t,x) <E C[JxQ,R], ft = {x|||a;|| > it!},which satisfies(lW||ar||) < V(t,x) < MM), <Pi,<P* € KR;(2) ^-|(2.i.i) < 9(t)V(t) + h(t)V(t), where 0 < /3 < l,g(t) > 0, h(t) > 0 for t > 0, and /0°° g{t)dt < oo, /0°° h(t)dt < oo.Remark 2.1.2 Theorems 2.1.5-2.1.8 improve and generalize Theorem 3.6.3 in [1] and Theorem 3.3.2 in [34]. "Theorem 2.1.9 The sufficent condition for any solution of system (2.1.1)is equivalent eventual bounded ,3V(t,x) G C[JxQ,R], Q, = {z|||a;|| > R},which satisfies(1)^|M|) < V(t,x) < <P2(\\x\\),<pi,tp2 e KR; (2) ^-|(2.i.i) < -X(t)<p3(\\x\\), where y>3 € K,and X(t) > 0, /0°° X(t)dt = oo.Theorem 2.1.10 The sufficent condition for any solution of system (2.1.1)is uniform eventual bounded , 3 V(t,x) € C[J x Q, R], V, = {x\\\x\\ > R},which satisfies(lW||z||) < V(t,x) < $>2(IMI), <Pi,V2 € KR;(2) ^-|(2.i.i) < -X(t)<p3(\\x\\), where <p3 e K,and 3a0 > 0,V* > t0, £ X(s)ds > ao{t -tQ).Remark 2.1.3 Theorems 2.1.10 improves and generalizes Theorem 3.7.3 in [1] and Theorem 3.4.1 in [34].In the third chapter,we consider the quadratic integrability and bound-edness for the solutions of delay differtial equations,this chapter is divided into five sections.In the first section we consider the quadratic integrability and bound-edness for the solutions of second nonlinear delay differential equation)’ + p(t)x’(t) + qi(t)x(t) + q2(t)x(t - r) = f(t, x). (3.1.1)It improves the results of [3],we state the main results as follows:Theorem 3.1.1 Assume that equation (3.1.1)satisfies the following conditions on [a, oo) i)qx E C^a.oo), qi(t) > 0, r(t) > 0; ii)Q = q[r + q\r’ + 2pqi > 0, b(t) = —==z > 0 is nonincreasing function;in) f? ^fdt < <*>, J-M.dt<oc, fb(t)dt <oo. Then any solution x(t) of equation(3.1.1) satisfies y (3.1.8)Theorem 3.1.2 Assume that equation (3.1.1)satisfies the following conditions on [a, oo) oo)^^) > 0,r(t) > 0;ii) b(t) = ----------------*—------------------- > 0 is nonincreasing function,2rQ = 2pq\ + r’q\ + \qf*q[r > 0; oo, ffq^r-ihdt < oo.Then any solution x(t) of equation(3.1.1) satisfies(3.1.8).Theorem 3.1.3 If there exist m,n G R such that equation(3.1.1) satisfies the following conditions on [a, oo)i) b(i) = q?1rnq2 > 0 is nonincreasing function, p > 0, r > 0, q\ > 0, q2 > 0; ()XT qrlrng2pldt < oo, /a°° g-*HMt < oo Then equation(3.1.1) E L.C..Remark 3.1.1 Theorems 3.1.1-3.1.3 improve and generalize Theorems 1,2 in [3] and Theorems 1,2 in [8].In the second section we consider the quadratic integrability and bound-edness for the solutions of second nonhomogeneous functional differentialequation(r(t)x’(t))’+p(t)x’(t) + qi(t)x(t) + q2(t)x(h(t)) = f(t,x(t)). (3.2.1)It improves the results of [8],we state the main results as follows:Theorem 3.2.1 Assume that equation(3.2.1) satisfies the following conditions on[a, oo)i) qi(t) € Cl[a, oo), qx{t) > 0, r(t) > 0, h(t) < t, h’(t) > 0 ; n)Q(t) = \(r’(t)q1(t) + 2p(t)qi(t)+r(t)q’1(t)) > 0, bx{t) = |^ nonincreasing function; rThen any solution x(t) of equation(3.2.1) satisfies7(*) = O(l),\x’(t)\ =r(t) J ’Theorem 3.2.2 Assume that equation(3.2.1) satisfies the following conditions on[a, oo) t) qi(t) € C1[o,c?) > O,r(t) >O,h’(t) > 0 ,h(t) < t;ii)Q{t) = p(t)qi(t) + \r’(t)qx{t) + \r{t)q[{t) > 0, b2(t) = ||^ is nonincreasing function;in) 1?^?*!?* < oo, fb2(t)q;Ht)dt < oo,Then any solution x(t) of equation(3.2.1) satisfies\x(t)\ = O(l),\x’(t)\ = "’ >q{t)r(t)J ■Theorem 3.2.3 Assume that equation(3.2.1) satisfies the following conditions onja, oo) i) qi{t) > 0,gi(?) > 0,Q2(t) > O,r’(t) > O,p(t) > O,h’(t) > 0, b3(t) = . . . 2 q[ is nonincreasing function,where Xz(t) — -^^ 2q?(t)1 <sub><sub>^ii) |r2(i)qri(^)^i 2(t)| < 5 < 4, (5 is a constant,sufficent large t);???) /°° ww^T?w < ^ jp(t)r-\t)dt < oo, f°°b3(t)Qr2(t)dt < oo, A2(t)9l5(t)dt3rooi^N d(#i(09l 2(c; , fooVn’;ftW ., . r°o ^ ,,\ OO. I -----r;------OI "C OO. I — (JT- <’ Ja a+< , . ’ Ja I i,\ g^()() Then any solution of equation(3.2.1) x(t) G L.5". P)L.CRemark 3.2.2 Theorems 3.2.1-3.2.3 improve and generalize Theorems 1,2,4 in [8] and Theorems 1,2,3 in [6].In the third section we consider the boundedness for the solutions of second nonhomogeneous linear delay differential equation(r(t)x’(t))’ + q(t)x(t-T) = f(t). (3.3.1)It improves the results of [4],we state the main results as follows:Theorem 3.3.1 Assume that equation(3.3.1) satisfies the following conditions on[a, oo)i)q(t) e C^a,oo),$(t) > O,Q(t) = {r(t)q{t))’ > 0, h(t) = q\{t)r^{t) > 0 is nonincreasing function; ii) f h(t)dt < ooj ^Then any solution x(t) of equation(3.3.1) satisfies = 0(1), |^(0| = O (J$\ ,t->oo. (3.3.7)Theorem 3.3.2 Assume that equation(3.3.1) satisfies the following conditions on[a, oo)t) q(t) e CV, oo) > O,Q(t) = y(t)q-Ht)r(t) + qHt)r’(t) > 0, b2(t) = q(t)r2(t) > Ois nonincreasing function; +<pr 2)dt<oo> fa g-<o°’where X2(t) = [Q{Q + q-fyr) + \JQ2{Q + q^q’r)2 + l§Q2q2r)/{2Q2) . Then any solution x(t) of equation(3.3.1) satisfies(3.3.7).Remark 3.3.1 Theorems 3.3.1-3.3.2 improve and generalize Lemmas 1,2 in [4] and Theorem 5 in [5].In the fourth section we consider that the second nonlinear delay differential equation(r(t)x’(t))’ + qi(t)f(x) + q2(t)x(h(t)) = 0. (3.4.1)is limit circle case or all solutions of equations(3.4.1) are bounded, It improves the results of [13],we state the main results as follows:Theorem 3.4.1 Assume that equation(3.4.1) satisfies the following conditions on [a, oo)i) qi(t) > 0,3A > 0,B > 0,such th&tAx2 < xf(x) < BF(x); n)when x ^ 0,xf(x) > 0,and J °° f(x)dx = oo; 2 ^ . 4A [t)tl (t)Ain) /a°°bi(t)dt < oo,where bi(t) = 2 ^ . > 0 is a nonincreasing4A [t)tl (t)Afunction, A2(t) = \q?{rqx)> + \^Then any solution x(t) of equation(3.4.1) satisfies\x(t)\ = O(l), \At)\ = o(J*$), t^co. (3.4.4)Theorem 3.4.2 Assume that equation(3.4.1) satisfies the conditions of theorem(3.4.1)and the following conditions on[a, oo) *) r’{t) > 0, q2{t) > 0;ii) Iriq’tfi1] < 5 (S > 0 is a constant,sufficent large t); Hi) J q’l-q^ dt < oo, J q’iq^[ q2dt < oo, Ja b2(t)qi 2dt < oo,J qi 2dt < oo, J v*ql j{,q’\q\ 5) dt < oo, Ja q2r dt < oo,3 1where b2(t) = x 1 a2.,., x > 0 is a nonincreasing function.oAh (t)Then equation(3.4.1)is limit circle case.Remark 3.4.1 Theorems 3.4.1-3.4.2 improve and generalize Theorems 1,2 in [13] and Lemmas 1,2 in [4].
【Key words】 limit circle case; delay; differential equation; auxiliary function; boundedness;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 曲阜师范大学 【网络出版年期】2005年 06期
- 【分类号】O175
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