P2P-Grid模型及其环境下资源管理关键技术研究

【作者】 叶从欢；

【导师】 孙世新；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 网格计算近来引起了人们广泛的关注,其旨在把互连网上的各种资源整合成一个具有超级处理能力的庞大计算机,将会完全改变现有的工作、生活模式,因此世界各地对网格感兴趣的学者,对网格的各种关键技术进行了研究,并取得了相关方面的成果,目前已经可以用Globus Toolkit构造网格系统。本文阐述了网格技术产生的背景、网格的概念、特点和意义,并对五层沙漏结构和开放网格服务体系结构进行了概述性的分析。鉴于目前Globus项目的重要性,分析了其产生的背景,详细阐述了Globus Toolkit的主要功能模块,接着分析了P2P网络的体系结构、P2P环境下的资源发现以及一些主要的P2P应用。针对网格技术和P2P技术的特点,以及网络环境下资源的分布性特征,根据银行的运作模式,采用了“分而治之”的思想对单一的网格系统进行分割,将在地理位置彼此相近的资源组成一个小规模的网格系统,这些小规模的网格系统采用P2P技术进行分布式管理,既可以避免出现系统瓶颈也可以实现多个小规模网格系统同时工作,设计了一个P2P-Grid模型,在P2P-Grid模型中,Super-Peer是一个小型的网格系统,称为Grid-Peer。每个Grid-Peer可以采用不同的网格技术,但是必须提供统一的能和其它的Grid-Peer互操作的接口,实现资源共享,Broker被用来担任这一角色。在对三种比较流行资源管理模型:层次模型、抽象所有者模型和市场经济模型的思想及实现方式进行了分析与研究之后,提出了P2P-Grid环境下的资源管理系统的构架。在P2P-Grid环境下的资源管理系统的构架中,Grid-Peer系统中采用层次式资源组目录树组织资源,各Grid-Peer系统可以通过Broker和其它的Grid-Peer实现资源共享。层次式资源组目录树中,资源被分为PC、LAN和HPC三大类,把每类资源中具有“同等”处理能力的资源记录在某个资源组中,这些资源彼此之间也可以互为备份资源。根据层次式资源组模型,研究了P2P-Grid环境下的资源管理关键技术,如资源组织、注册、描述、发现、定位、调度、撤销、维护以及任务处理等,并设计了相应的层次式任务调度模型和基于资源组模式的资源调度模型。任务调度模型上层为三个任务调度器:PC任务调度器,LAN任务调度器和HPC任务调度器,每个任务调度器管理下层与资源组对应的若干个任务队列,并把Broker转交过来的任务按照先来先服务的方式插入到某个任务对列中;资源调度模型采用集中式与分布式相结合的方式,在每个资源组中进行集中调度,而多个资源组采用分布式的方式调度资源,处理任务。采用分类的层次式资源组模式组织资源,在目录树中查找资源时,可缩小资源的查找范围,资源查找时间缩短了,并可提高系统的性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grid computing has caught sights of people in many fields recently. It originally aimed to combining the whole computer network into a huge supercomputer so as to solve complex and large-scale computing problems. Students who are interested in grid computing are researching the key technologies, now grid system may be built by Globus Toolkit. With the advances of grid computing, grid has grown from high-performance-oriented computing grid to service-oriented commercial grid, and it reveals the tendency of standardization, large-scale and technique integration such as integration with web services. It will change the mode of working and living. This thesis explained the background, concept, significance and characteristics of grid, and analyzed the two important architectures of grid: OGSA and Five Layered Grid Architecture. Then it discussed Globus Toolkit and P2P technology. Aimed at the characteristics of Grid and P2P and characteristics of distributed resources in network environment, we put forward the idea of division, management grid through P2P technology and design a P2P-Grid model according to the working mode of bank. The P2P-Grid system is consisted of many small-scale grid systems, the small-scale grid system is called Grid-Peer. Every Grid-Peer may be built by different grid technology, but in order to share resources with other Grid-Peer it must has a uniform interface. Broker can be used to take the role. After discussed the hierarchical, abstract owner, and computational economy models of grid resource management architecture, we put forward architecture of resource management in P2P-Grid environment. In Grid-Peer system resources were organized by a layered resource-group-directory-tree, and be classified as PC resource, LAN resource and HPC resource. They are recorded in resource group in accordance with the computing capability. Then we researched the key technologies of resource management in P2P-Grid environment such as resource organization, resource registry, resource description, resource discovery, resource location, resource schedule, resource maintenance and task management etc. We designed a layered task schedule model and resource schedule model based on resource-group at the same time. At last, because the scope of resource discovery become small, we find the time of resource discovery is shorter than single directory-tree after when we use a layered resource-group-directory-tree.更多还原