【作者】 庞亚俊；

【导师】 胡效芳；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 健美操起源于传统的有氧健身运动,是一项体现健与美的运动项目。它既注重形体、姿态和动作的外在美的训练,也注重欣赏力、情操等内在美的培养,对于培养学生正确的姿态和良好的韵律感,提高协调性和审美能力,增强体质都有很好的作用。目前,健美操课程在全国各高校中已经得到了广泛地开展,并担负着增进国民健康和为国家培养具有民族创新精神的高素质人才服务的重任。近年来,随着我国教育质量的普遍提高和教育体制改革的深入开展,如何培养高素质的创新人才已经成为高校教育改革的重点。陕西省是全国最重要的人才培养基地之一,因此对其进行高校健美操课程教学改革的研究有着非常重要的意义。 本论文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计方法等,系统科学地分析和研究了陕西省高校健美操课程开展的现状。通过对具有代表性的28所高校的56名教师和1000名学生的问卷调查问卷的分析,作者认为陕西省高校健美操课程存在的不足主要体现在: 1.教学模式是被动式的,教师在教学过程中只注重“教”,而忽略了对学生积极性的调动和创新能力的培养。 2.教学内容单一,没有将形体训练、艺术教育等相关体育项目引入课堂丰富健美操教学内容,激发学生的兴趣,提高健美操课程的教学效果。 3.教学方法相对落后,主要以传统的教师示范和讲解为主,没有充分利用计算机网络和多媒体技术等现代教育手段和方法。 4.教学评价体系不够科学,主要以终结性考试为主要指标,过于形式化,忽视了健美操课程对学生身体素质、心理素质等综合素质的影响。 5.教师队伍的年龄结构和学历结构等相对合理,但是健美操教师的专业素质相对较低。 6.大部分高校健美操课程的教学设施简陋,健美操课外活动没有得到广泛地开展,普遍存在着对健美操课程的投资力度不够的现象。 本论文还进一步采用因子分析法系统地分析了影响陕西省高校健美操运动发展的因素。根据教师和学生对陕西省高校健美操运动发展的观点和调查的因子分析,确定了影响高校健美操运动发展的32项指标,并按照累计贡献率大于72.86.%,确定并提出了“教学改革因子”、“领导重视因子”和“硬件条件因子”是制约陕更多还原

【Abstract】 The calisthenics that originates from the traditional aerobics gymnastic is the sport event showing the combination of beauty and strength, and concentrates not only on training the external beauty of appearance, posture and motion, but also on cultivating the internal beauty-appreciation and beauty-sentiment. Besides, it does be good in cultivating students’ right stance, sense of rhythm, body-harmony, aesthetic judgment. Nowadays, the calisthenics curriculum has been held widely among all universities and colleges in our country, and plays the most important role of enhancing the national health and serving the cultivating talents with high quality and innovation spirit. How to cultivate talents with innovation ability is a key subject of the educational reform of higher schools. With the improvement of the education quality in our country and the deepening of the reform of the education management system. Shaanxi Province is the one of the most important base where lots of talents have be cultivated, so it is very necessary to study the reform of calisthenics course of colleges and universities.The paper systemically and scientifically studies and analyzes the status quo of calisthenics course in colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province according to the investigations by literatures, questionnaires, mathematical statistics and so forth. The following weaknesses of the calisthenics course of colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province are drawn based on the results of investigation among 56 teachers and 1000 students of 28 representative colleges and universities. The conclusions are:1. The teaching mode of colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province is passivity. Teachers just pay more attention to teaching, and neglect increasing students’ enthusiasm and cultivating their innovation ability during the calisthenics course.2. The content that is taught is single. Teachers do not introduce relating athletics items, such as body-training and art education, into calisthenics classroom to enrich calisthenics course, stir up the student’s interest and make the result more effective.3. The method of teaching is behind the times. The traditional teaching method, which teachers’ personal-demonstration and explain take on the important role, dominates the calisthenics course, while the modern education means and methods, such as internet technology and multimedia technology.4. The educational assessment system is both are not fully used and unscientific for its main target being the finished examination, too formulaic, at same time it neglects the influence of calisthenics course to the physical and psychological make-up of college students.5. The age structure and educated structure of calisthenics teachers are reasonable but the professional qualify is poor in some degree.6. The calisthenics educational facilities of most of the colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province is simple and crude. Extracurricular activities of calisthenics are not held widely, and the investments of calisthenics course are not enough.Furthermore, the paper systemically analyzes the factors that preclude the development of the calisthenics course of colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province with factorization analysis method. We set 32 factors, which are considered as the shackles of callisthenic courses according to opinions from teachers and students who are investigated about the development of the calisthenics courses of the higher schools in Shaanxi Province. And we put forward the viewpoint that we think "educational reform factor", "factor that leader pay more attention to" and "hard facilities factor" are main factors that seriously preclude the development of calisthenics course of higher schools in Shaanxi Province.At the end of the paper, the new teaching method of calisthenics, teaching content system of calisthenics, and educational assessment system are constructed, which can cater to the need of cultivation of talents with innovation and suit the characteristics of higher schools in Shaanxi Provinc更多还原