【作者】 卢丽君；

【导师】 白淑兰；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在纯培养条件下,对内蒙古大青山广泛分布的14种乡土菌根真菌进行了培养特性的研究,旨在探明这些菌种的生长特性及培养扩繁条件,为大青山乡土外生菌根真菌的应用提供必要的理论依据。试验从培养基选择入手,研究了不同菌种对培养基、pH值环境的要求。并对部分菌种进行了pH值和培养基正交试验及碳源和氮源正交试验,目的是探索出更合适的培养条件。结果表明,大部分菌种适合在MMN、PACH和MRD中生长,而有个别菌种在V-P、MMA及合成培养基中生长良好;各种菌根真菌对酸碱的适应性是不同的,红汁乳菇（Lactations hatsudake）、小美牛肝菌（Boletus speciosus）、土生空团菌（Cenococcum geophilum）、毛头乳菇（Lactarius torminosus）、毒鹅膏（Amanita phalloides）、褐疣柄牛肝菌（Leccinum scabrum）适合弱酸的环境,而亚褐环粘盖牛肝菌（Suillus subluteus）、棕灰口蘑（Tricholoma terreum）、浅黄根须腹菌（Rhizopogon luteolus）、网纹灰孢（Lycoperdon perlatum）在pH值5～8范围内均能很好的生长,只有厚环粘盖牛肝菌（Suillus grevillei）适应于弱碱的环境;pH值和培养基正交试验表明,毛头乳菇（Lactarius torminosus）最适合在pH值为5和6的MRD中生长,而红汁乳菇（Lactations hatsudake）在pH值8的MRD中生长最好,这与单因子试验的结果不同,说明它们之间存在着交互作用;在碳源和氮源的正交试验中,厚环粘盖牛肝菌（Suillus grevillei）的两个菌株是在（NH4）2HPO₄+葡萄糖及酒石酸铵+葡萄糖组合中生长最好。同时,文章还选择了5个菌株对油松进行了菌根合成试验,结果表明,这5种外生菌根真菌均可以与油松形成典型的菌根形态,菌根感染率达到了3～4级,其中土生空团菌最高;对照没有菌根形成。而且油松形成菌根后各项生长、生理指标均显著高于对照。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studied pure culture characteristic of 14 ectomycorrhizal fungi in DaQing Mountain. The purpose was to prove up their growing characteristics and culturing conditions and supplied necessary theoretical foundations for the applying of ectomycorrhizal fungi in DaQing Mountain. The requirements of different fungi for culture media and pH were studied. At the same time, their superior culture conditions were studied by applying orthogonal experiment between pH and media or carbon source and nitrogen source. The results showed that a majority of fungi fitted for the media of MMN, PACH or MRD. While several fungi grew well in MMA, V-P or manmade media. The fungi had different requirements to pH. Some of which grew well in acid condition, including Lactarius hatsudake, Boletus speciosus, Cenococcum geophilum, Lactarius torminosus, Amanita phalloides and Leccinum scabrum. While others had wider suitable pH ranges from 5-8, including Suillus subluteus, Tricholoma terreum, Rhizopogon luteolus and Lycoperdon perlatum. Only Suillus grevillei fitted for alkaline condition. The orthogonal experiment between pH and media showed that Lactarius torminosus grew best in MRD media whose pH value was 5 or 6. While the MRD media whose pH value is 8 is the optimum one for Lactarius hatsudake. The results differed from that of single factor test and this indicated that there were interactions between them. According to the results of orthogonal experiment between carbon source and nitrogen source, Suillus grevillei grew well in media of （NH₄）₂HPO₄+glucose and （NH2）2C4H4O6+glucose. At the same time, this paper contained mycorrihizal synthetical experiment between Pinus tabulaeformis and 5 ectomycorrhizalfungi. The results showed that 5 ectomycorrhizal fungi formed apparent mycorrhiza with Pinus tabulaeformis, and no mycorrhiza formed on control. Mycorrhizal infection rate reached 3-4 class and infection rate of Cenococcum geophilum was the highest. All kinds of growth and physiological indexes of Pinus tabulaeformis were higher than that of control.更多还原