【作者】 郭园；

【导师】 云兴福； 王羽梅；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 研究了茴香精油的蒸馏提取装置,确定了一套操作简单、测量准确的同时蒸馏萃取装置。研究不同蒸馏条件对茴香种子精油含量和成分的影响,结果表明:在粉碎程度、蒸馏时间、样品/水 3 个蒸馏参数 9 种不同的组合中,粉碎程度是最重要的蒸馏参数,对精油产量和成分的影响较大,其次为样品/水和蒸馏时间;在粉碎程度最细的参数组合中,精油产量最多,其主要成分反-茴香脑的相对含量也较高。 研究了 7 个不同产地来源的茴香成熟种子的精油含量和成分,结果表明:精油的含量在 1.36%-2.68%之间。对精油进行 GC-DSQ 分析,鉴定出 19 种成分,主要成分反-茴香脑(trans-anethole)的相对含量在 76.05%-82.22%之间。 对茴香不同生育时期全株精油含量和成分的研究表明:茴香在整个生育时期都含有精油,含量呈上升趋势,精油的两种主要成分反-茴香脑和柠檬烯在整个时期含量变化较大,反-茴香脑为先降低后升高的趋势,而柠檬烯为先升高后下降的趋势。对茴香不同器官的精油含量和成分的研究表明:果实中精油含量最高,不同器官间精油含量从高到低的排列为,果实(未成熟)>花>花序梗>叶>茎>根;各器官间精油的主要成分也不同,其中花、花序梗、叶精油的主要成分为反-茴香脑和柠檬烯,茎精油的主要成分为柠檬烯,根精油主要成分为芹菜脑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The distillation apparatus of fennel essential oil was studied,a set of distillation and extraction apparatus that operating simply and measuring accurately was made certion. The influence of different distillation conditions were studied on the yield and compo-sitions of fennel seed essential oil, the results showed that the degree of comminution was the most significant distillation parameter,its influence on yield and compositions of fennel essential oil was larger,than the ratio of ground seed and water and distilla-tion period; in the combination of minimum comminution, the yield of fennel essential oil and the relative content of trans-anethole were higher. The content and compositions of fennel ripe seed essential oil from 7different pro-ducing places were studied,the resules showed that the content of essential oil was between 1.36%and 2.68%.The essential oil was anlaysed by GC-DSQ,19 compositions were identified ,the primary composition was trans-anethole,its relative content was between 76.05% and 82.22%. The content and compositions of fennel essential oil of the whole plant in different development periods were studied,the results showed that fennel had essential oil in its whole development period,and the conent increased.The relative content of the two primary compositions,trans-anethole and limonene,changed largely,the content of trans-anethole decreased firstly and then increased,that of limonene increased and then decreased . The content and compositions of essential oil in different organs were studied,the results showed that the content of essential oil in fruit was the highest,the declining order of content of essential oil in different organs was fruit,flower, inflo-rescential peduncle,leaf,stem and root.The primary composition in essential oil of or-gans was different,that in flower, inflorescential peduncle and leaf was trans-anethole and limonene, that in stem was limonene, that in root was dill apoil.更多还原