【作者】 杜永光；

【导师】 郝丽珍；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 沙芥(Pugionium cornutum(L.) Gaertn.)为二年生草本植物,属于十字花科沙芥属(Pugionium Gaertn.),沙芥种,是集药用、保健、饲用、固沙等为一体的多功能沙生蔬菜,由于连年掠夺式采收野生资源已面临濒危。试验在前人基础上,研究了沙芥不同播期生长发育特性及自然降温过程中生化基础变化等。结果表明:1.05-01~10-16 播种至出苗的天数 7~18 d,出苗至越冬 59~139 d,越冬至返青189~207 d,返青至现蕾 60~64 d、现蕾至开花 2~3 d、开花至种子成熟 46~52 d,其中播期 09-01、09-16 不能越冬返青,全生育期分为营养生长期、休眠期、生殖生长期,综合不同播期植株生长势及种子产量等,建议春季适宜播期是05-01~05-16.2.萌动种子分别在 2、4、6℃低温春化处理 15、25 d、5-azaC 50~1500μmol·L-1、4℃低温+5-azaC 50~1500μmol·L-1处理,播种后当年均未抽薹开花;播种期为 10-01 和 10-16 的沙芥萌动种子翌年出苗,仍未抽薹开花,说明沙芥种子冬性很强,不属于种子春化型;沙芥 2、4、6 片叶低温春化处理 15、25 d、5-azaC和 GA3 50~300μmol·L-1处理,当年均未抽薹开花;室内培养 6、8 片叶沙芥分别在室外自然低温处理 20 和 30 d 后均抽薹开花,4 片叶处理未抽薹开花,且在 30 d 后全部冻死;叶片数 5.8 以上即可越冬通过春化阶段,说明沙芥属于绿体春化型。3.在自然降温过程中大小苗各器官中游离 Pro、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、IUFA 均有升高趋势,Vc 达到高峰后有所降低,且维持在较高水平;Z、GA3、IAA 均有下降趋势,沙芥大苗 ABA 含量维持在较低水平,沙芥小苗 ABA 含量有升高趋势。本研究为人工栽培及发育深入研究提供了指导、奠定了基础,有着重要的理论意义及实践价值,应用前景广阔。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pugionium cornutum(L.).Gaertn.belongs to the biennial herbs and the Cruciferae,and Pugionium Gaertn.It has the many sided benefits of this vegetables in the desert for medical use,health care,fodder use,fixing sand.Experiment for eperson’s foundation last,studied Pugionium cornutum(L.) different sowing period characteristics and the foundation variety of the biochemical etc as temperature fell. The results indicate:1.it is 7~18d from Sowing seeds to outing seedling,and 59~139d from outing seedling to passing winter,and 189~207d from passing winter to turning green and 60~64d from turning green to bud emerenge,and 2~3d from bud emerenge to flowering,and 46~52d from flowering to mature during 05-01~10-16,it can’t pass winter among sowing period 09-01 and 09-16,The total growth period was consisted of nutrient growth period,dormancy period and reproductive growth period,synthesizing plant growth-development and seed yield etc at different sowing.period,so the optimum seeding time of Pugionium cornutum(L.) is 05-01~05-16 in spring.2.The initiate seed was handled at 2,4 and 6℃ low temperature during 15、25 d,and 50~1500μmol·L-1 of 5-azaC,the low temperature of 4℃ +50~1500μmol·L-1of 5-azaC,that Pugionium cornutum(L.) can not bloom after sowing seeds in this year.it was outing seedling in the next year as sowing seeds period is 10-01 and 10-16,not yet blooming,explaining it is not the seed vernalization.it is 2,4 and 6 slices of leafs can not bloom at 15,25 d vernalization、50~300μmol·L-15-azaC and GA3;it is 6~8 slices of leafs in the indoors which can bloom at 20 and 30d as temperature fell,it is 4 slices of leafs which can not bloom and starves at 30 d as temperature fell;Pugionium cornutum(L.) finished vernalized phase by leaf and above 5.8 leaves in this test’s condition.3.The trend of the Pro,dissolubility sugar, dissolubility protein,IUFA have go up,the Vc has a lower level after attaining the high peak, and maintain in the higher level as temperature fell;Z, GA3, IAA all contain the trend of descent,the content of ABA maintains in the lower level when it is the big seedling,its trend goes up when it is the small seedling.This research provided the leading and lay the foundation for the work educates and the thorough research in growth,having got the important theories meaning and practicing the value,applying the foreground the amplitude.更多还原