【作者】 何亚辉；

【导师】 徐玉安；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 当今时代,教育的发展与变革已成为世界各国应对日益激烈的国际竞争的重要战略。科学技术迅猛发展,科技产品比比皆是,科学技术知识老化的周期越来越短。竞争日趋激烈,而这种竞争的核心就是人才素质的竞争。无论多么优秀的教师也不可能把学生一生所需要的知识都教给学生,更何况今天,所以教知识总是有限,教思维才是根本。教师应当是手握创造思维金钥匙的指导者。因而,这就要求新时代的教育不单是传授知识,更重要的是要教会学生学习的方法,教会学生思维,教会学生创造性思维——即要授之以“渔”。 基于上述思想,笔者通过对大量文献研究,并结合教育实践,针对当前生物实验教学中所存在的问题,探索了一种新的实验教学模式——二次实验法实验教学模式。这种模式由“理论知识的学习”——“第一次验证性实验”——“第二次探究性实验”——“实验评价”几个阶段组成。这种实验教学模式的突出特点是:基础性、创新性、可操作性、易接受性。 本文设计二次实验法的宗旨是:运用先进的教学理论作指导,将传统实验教学与当前的探究式教育进行结合,找到一种兼具二者优点,又尽可能克服二者的缺点的方法。通过理论和实践的证明二次实验法不失为一种培养学生创造性思维的好方法。 本文通过分析时代对教育的要求、实验教学与科学素养的关系和我国的教育现状,阐述了进行实验教学改革的必要性。接下来从理论的角度分析了二次实验法实验教学模式(包括它运用的理论基础、具体操作步骤、实施中问题分析,最佳运用范围等);并把二次实验法实验教学模式与传统的实验教学模式和当前的探究式教育进行比较,从而使二次实验法实验教学模式的优点凸现出来;本文也给出了二次实验法实验教学模式的教育实践实例以供参考。同时在最后对二次实验法实验教学模式的实施可行性进行了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern times, the development and reform of education has become the important strategy of many countries facing with ever increasing international competition. Now science and technology is developing dramatically, the products of technology are prevailing, and the cycle of intellective aging is shorted faster. The core of international competition is the competition of talents. It is impossible for the most excellent teacher to pass on all knowledge to students, especially nowadays. So teaching knowledge is limited, and teaching how to think is essential. A teacher should be the guide of creative thinking. Therefore, education is not merely teaching knowledge, but teaching how to study, how to think and how to think creatively is more important.Based on research of many documents and teaching practice, I have explored anew teaching model of experiment-----Model of twice experimental method, inorder to solve many problems in biology experimental teaching. The model undergoes several stages: studying of theory, first confirming experiment, second exploring experiment and evaluating experiment. The characteristics of the model are fundamental, creative, feasible and easily accepted.The aim of this thesis on designing "model of twice experimental method" is to find a new method which not only combines the advantages of traditional teaching and present exploring education, but also overcomes their disadvantages in the light of advanced teaching theory. Through the proof of theory and practice, this new method is an effective way to develop students’ creative thinking.In my thesis, I firstly illustrate the necessities of teaching reform about biological experiment based on the analysis of the current educational situation and the relationship between experiment and accomplishment education. Secondly, I analyze this new method theoretically (including the theoretical base, the specific procedures, noting items and applied range and so on.) and compare the new更多还原